Identifier: educationofdeafm00thom (find matches)
Title: Education of Deaf-Mutes : A Manual for Teachers
Year: 1888 (1880s)
Authors: Thomas Arnold
Subjects: Education
Publisher: Wertheimer, Lea & Co.
Contributing Library: American Printing House for the Blind, Inc., M. C. Migel Library
Digitizing Sponsor: American Printing House for the Blind, Inc.

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bar vertebrae (Fig. G, /), by its left pillar(Fig. G, o) to the bodies of the first three, and by its rightpillar (Fig. G, n) to four of the first lumbar vertebrae. Itsupper surface is connected with the pericardium, the me-diastinum (the space between the lungs), and the pleura; Fig, -t.—Respieatoey Muscles of the Chest and Abdomen.(On the right of the body the more superficial, on the left the deepermuscles are seen.) v, atlas or first cervical vertebra; a, levator anguliscapulce muscle; h, sternum ; c, left clavicle ; d, tendon of the pectoralismajor ; e, tendon of the latissimus dorsi ; 2^, coracoid, and /, glenoidhead of the biceps cut short: (j, serratus magnus ; // , external intercostal;j, rectus abdominis; h, internal oblique; Z, pectoralis minor; m, sub-scapularis; o, subclavius; )r, coraco-brachialis cut short; +, coracoidprocess. 1, trapezius; 2, deltoid; 3, acromion process; 4, biceps; 5, triceps;6, origin of the serratus magnus; 6, external oblique; 7, pectoralismajor.
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I I OF DEAF-MUTES. 169 it supports the heart and the base of the lungs (Fig. 2, /).In its whole extent it is covered below by the perito-neum. Its functions in respiration are most important.Every time we draw our breath it contracts, and reduces itsvaulted form into a plane. This enlarges the capacity of thechest so as to admit of the greater expansion of the lungs.In forced expiration the abdominal muscles press the visceraupwards, and the diaphragm ascends into the thorax,compressing the lungs at the same time, and so becomes astrong expirator. It also assists in many other functions, ascoughing, laughing, hiccough, and the action of the intes-tines. The attitude which is most favourable to the inspiratoraction of the diaphragm is the vertical posture, because itseparates most fully the attached points of the muscle andpermits the greatest compression of the abdominal viscera.On the contrary, a sitting posture is less favourable. Large inspirations give more life to the body and al

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