Identifier: 61410640R.nlm.nih.gov
Title: First book on anatomy, physiology, and hygiene : for grammar schools and families
Year: 1849 (1840s)
Authors: Cutter, Calvin, 1807-1873? Cutter, Calvin, 1807-1873?. First book on anatomy and physiology
Subjects: Hygiene Anatomy Physiological Phenomena
Publisher: Boston : Mussey
Contributing Library: U.S. National Library of Medicine
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons, U.S. National Library of Medicine

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, 7, 8, 9, The first rib. 10, The seventh rib. 11, Thecartilage of the third rib. 12, The floating ribs. Observation. The lower part of the chest is broader andtiller than the upper part, when it is not made smaller by tight;lothing. The next three ? What are the last two called ? Why ? Describe fig. 3. 22. How is the chest formed ? What does it contain ? 23. What is theshape of the chest ? How does the lower part of the chest compare insize with the upper ? 2 14 ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY, A.ND HYGIENE. 24. The spinal* column is composed of twenty-fourpieces of bone. Each piece is called a verte-bra. 25. Between the pieces, or vertebrae, is a thick piece of car-tilage, which is elastic, or springs like India-rubber. This notonly unites the vertebrae, but permits them to move in differentways. 26. There is an opening in each vertebra. By a union ofthese openings, a canal is formed the whole length of the spinalcolumn, in which the spinal cord (pith of the back-bone) isplaced. Fig. 4. Fig. 5.
Text Appearing After Image:
Fig. 4. The form of a vertebra of the neck. 1, The main portion of the bone.2, The spinal canal, in which the spinal cord is placed. 4, 5, 7, 8, Points, or projec-tions of the vertebra. Fig. 5. 1, The cartilage that connects the vertebra,jections of the vertebra. 7, The spinal canal. 3, 4, 5, 6, Points, or pro- Observation. A good idea of the structure of the vertebrasmay be obtained, by examining the spinal column of a domesticanimal, as the dog, cat, or pig. * From the Latin spVna, a thorn ; so called from the points of thevertebrae that are felt beneath the skin. 24. How many pieces of bone in the spinal column ? What is eachpiece called ? 2-5. What is placed between the vertebra ? Give its use26. How is the spinal canal formed, and what does it contain r Describefig. 4. Describe fig. 5. How may an idea of the structure of the verte-brae be obtained ? ANATOMY OF THE BONES. 15 27. The spinal column is a very curious and perfect pieceof mechanical art. By its structure, great strengt

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