Identifier: greekathleticspo00gard (find matches)
Title: Greek athletic sports and festivals
Year: 1910 (1910s)
Authors: Gardiner, E. Norman (Edward Norman), 1864-1930
Subjects: Athletics Sports Olympics Fasts and feasts
Publisher: London : Macmillan and Co.
Contributing Library: Harold B. Lee Library
Digitizing Sponsor: Brigham Young University

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the pankration. InTheocritus,^ Polydeuces being challenged to fight by Amycus,inquires if it is to be a boxing match or whether kicking toowas allowed; and Galen,^ in his skit on the Olympic games, ^ Ale. 2 ; Apophthegm. Lac. 234 D, 44. ^ xxii. Q6. ■^ JlpoTpeTTT. iirl rix^cis, 36. 446 GREEK ATHLETIC SPORTS AND FESTIVALS chap. awards the prize for the pankration to the donkey, as the bestof all animals in kicking. A combination of kicking and box-ing is represented on the two Panathenaic vases in Figs. 154,155. At least it seems to me probable that the pankratiast onthe left has caught his opponents foot in mid-air as he wastrying to kick him in the stomach. Kicking in the stomach(yao-T/otfetv) ^ appears to have been a favourite trick in thepankration, as it is in the French savate. It is depicted in oneof the groups in the Tusculan mosaic (Fig. 22), and in a reliefin the Louvre. On another Panathenaic vase (Fig. 159) onepankratiast appears in the act of catching the others leg as he
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Fig. 161.—Heracles and Antaeus. R.-f. kylix. Athens. lifts it in his onset. The action of the latter rather resemblesthat described as jumping on an opponent (evaXXecrOai) than ofkicking. A better illustration of this term is seen in Fig.153, where one pankratiast is jumping on his fallen opponent. Twisting an opponents arm or fingers (a-rpefSkovv) andstrangling him (ay)(etv) are tricks belonging principally to thelater stage of the contest, when both opponents are on theground, but opportunities for them also occurred in standingwrestling. Twisting the arm has already been illustrated inour chapter on wrestling (Figs. 129-131). Similarly in theUffizi group (Fig. 163) the upper wrestler twists his opponentsarm across his back, and the same motive occurs in one of the Lucian, Anachars. 9 ; Aristoph. Eq. 273, 454 ; Pollux, iii. 150. XX THE PANKRATION—KICKING 447 groups on the frieze of Lysicrates monument. Pausanias tellsus of one Sostratus, a pankratiast of Sicyon, who, like Leonti

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