Identifier: handbooktoethnog00brit (find matches)
Title: Handbook to the ethnographical collections
Year: 1910 (1910s)
Authors: British Museum. Dept. of British and Mediaeval Antiquities and Ethnography Joyce, Thomas Athol, 1878-1942 Dalton, O. M. (Ormonde Maddock), 1866-1945
Subjects:
Publisher: (London) : Printed by order of the Trustees
Contributing Library: University of California Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: MSN

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The various methods by which the attempt is madeto classify the races of man according to colour of skin andeyes, quality of hair, and measurement of skull and body,belong to the province of physical anthropology, illustratedby collections in the British Museum (Natural History) atSouth Kensington.^ The subjects comprised by ethnography may be conveni-ently arranged under three main headings : (1) Man in hisrelation to the material world ; (2) Man in his relation to hisfellows : (3) Man in his relation to the supernatural. I. Man in his relation to the material world. Mans first need is food, and this brings him into closecontact with tlie material world. The most primitive form oflivelihood is the collection of wild produce, vegetable andanimal: and the large mounds of broken sea-shells on thenorth coast of Europe l)ear witness to the fact that it markedan early stage in human progress. The hunting of the larger A guide to these collections was 2)ublislied in I.tOl). 12 INTRODUCTION
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Fig. 4.—Wooden clubs from Fiji and more active animalswas possible only after theinvention of some sort ofweapon, in the first instanceof stone, wood, or bone (figs.4 and 5), and must haveproduced poor results untilthe discovery of such high-ly iniportant mechanicalcontrivances as the bow,spear-thrower, blowgun, orl)oomerang (fig. 6). Nodoubt the desire to obtaina constant supply of foodled to the domestication ofcertain plants and animals ;though it is possible thatthe way for the domestica-tion of the latter was pavedby the adaptation to humanends of the hunting instinctin the doo;. Hitherto manhad led a more or less no-madic existence, since hewas forced to follow themovements of the game onwhich he lived. With theinvention of agriculturepermanent settlements wereformed; those tribes, how-ever, who lived solely orchiefly on the produce oftheir domestic animals—thepastoral tribes — continuedto be to a limited extentnomadic, though in a lessdegree than the hunters,since they we

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