Identifier: manualofgynecolo01hart (find matches)
Title: Manual of gynecology
Year: 1883 (1880s)
Authors: Hart, D. Berry (David Berry), 1851-1920 Barbour, A. H. Freeland (Alexander Hugh Freeland), 1856-
Subjects: Gynecology Gynecology
Publisher: New York : Wood
Contributing Library: Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons and Harvard Medical School

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they turn rather sharplyinward and go less downward until they open with a small slit into theinterior of the bladder at the outer angle of the trigonum vesicae. But ondissecting the bladder from the uterus and vagina, their substance is seento continue running as a solid ridge between the two apertures, and form-ing the base of the trigone (Junes inter-ureteric ligament). (See Fig. 33.)Shape of empty Bladder and Changes in its Position.—The empty femalebladder lies completely behind the pubis, and has its fundus covered by ANATOMY OF THE FEMALE PELVIC ORGANS. 33 peritoneum. When empty and viewed in mesial section it may presentone of two shapes. In the large majority of specimens figured, it formswith the urethra a Y shape on sagittal mesial section. The oblique legs ofthe Y may be about equal in size, or the posterior may be shorter (Figs.40, 34). This form is so common that it has been accepted hitherto byall authors as the normal one. In certain cases, however, insignificant in
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• Fi<7. 34 Vertical mesial section of female pelvis, showing Y shape of bladder (Fiirst). (V2) number as compared with the former, the empty bladder cavity forms with the urethra a continuous tube on vertical mesial section (Fig. 35). In such cases it is oval in shape, corrugated, and firm to the touch. This latter shape is the one always found in the lower animals, such as the rabbit and dog, and is the only one seen in the human foetus. If, therefore, the pelvic floor of a woman be viewed on its peritoneal aspect, the fundus ofVol. I.—3 34 MANUAL OF GYNECOLOGY. the empty bladder will be found to be almost always large and concave,while in a few cases it is small and convex. In the former case, the innersurface of the upper segment of the bladder, large in area, is in contactwith the surface of the lower segment; in the latter, the anterior and pos-terior inner walls, small in area, touch one another. It is probable that when the bladder has the Y shape on section, it isin dia

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