File:Medieval cresset stone (plan) (FindID 219887).jpg
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Summary
editMedieval cresset stone (plan) | |||
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Photographer |
Royal Institution of Cornwall, Anna Tyacke, 2008-06-05 00:57:31 |
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Title |
Medieval cresset stone (plan) |
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Description |
English: Polyphant cresset stone or lamp, circular in plan and sub-square in profile, with a hollowed out, semi-circular interior. The word 'cresset' is derived from the old French 'craicet', 'craisset' or 'cresset', a cup of metal or other material fastened to a pole to form a portable lantern. A 'cresset stone' was a flat stone with cup-shaped hollows, each being used to hold a quantity of tallow and a wick, which were burned to produce light. This was a common method of lighting churches in medieval times. It was also common to find such stones near doorways or corners where people had to frequently pass each other.
Polyphant stone is a soft metamorphic rock type, similar to talc, that is predominantly blue grey with green patches, and white and brown veins. Polyphant is still worked near Lewannick on a small scale for sculptural, monumental, decorative and dimensional purposes, and has been used for ornamental carvings since the 11th century. Penhallurick (1986) refers to another 'small hollow basin of Polyphant stone appearing like a crucible' on page 207. Adams (1967) illustrates several local examples on page 55, Fig.13, but the two cresset stones that are most like the one recorded here are No.4, from Chun, and No.8 from Trethevy chapel at Tintagel, not far from the findspot. Hague (1968) discusses the larger cresset stone basin, with a round rope wick hole, which was used as a lighthouse lantern on St. Michael's Mount from the 14th century, on pages 64-5. Ottaway & Rogers (2002) illustrate a similar individual stone lamp on page 2858, Fig.1435, No.11033, which is dated to the mid 13th century. |
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Depicted place | (County of findspot) Cornwall | ||
Date |
between 1200 and 1400 date QS:P571,+1500-00-00T00:00:00Z/6,P1319,+1200-00-00T00:00:00Z/9,P1326,+1400-00-00T00:00:00Z/9 |
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Accession number |
FindID: 219887 Old ref: CORN-97BCD6 Filename: cressetstoneplan.jpg |
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Credit line |
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Source |
https://finds.org.uk/database/ajax/download/id/177661 Catalog: https://finds.org.uk/database/images/image/id/177661/recordtype/artefacts archive copy at the Wayback Machine Artefact: https://finds.org.uk/database/artefacts/record/id/219887 |
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Permission (Reusing this file) |
Attribution-ShareAlike License version 4.0 (verified 16 November 2020) | ||
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Licensing
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File history
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Date/Time | Thumbnail | Dimensions | User | Comment | |
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current | 16:31, 22 January 2017 | ![]() | 1,280 × 960 (462 KB) | Fæ (talk | contribs) | Portable Antiquities Scheme, CORN, FindID: 219887, medieval, page 168, batch count 2958 |
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Metadata
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Camera manufacturer | NIKON |
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Camera model | E4500 |
Exposure time | 10/187 sec (0.053475935828877) |
F-number | f/2.6 |
ISO speed rating | 100 |
Date and time of data generation | 15:45, 24 May 2008 |
Lens focal length | 7.85 mm |
Orientation | Normal |
Horizontal resolution | 300 dpi |
Vertical resolution | 300 dpi |
Software used | E4500v1.2 |
File change date and time | 15:45, 24 May 2008 |
Y and C positioning | Co-sited |
Exposure Program | Normal program |
Exif version | 2.2 |
Date and time of digitizing | 15:45, 24 May 2008 |
Meaning of each component |
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Image compression mode | 4 |
APEX exposure bias | 0 |
Maximum land aperture | 2.8 APEX (f/2.64) |
Metering mode | Center weighted average |
Light source | Tungsten (incandescent light) |
Flash | Flash did not fire, compulsory flash suppression |
Supported Flashpix version | 1 |
Color space | sRGB |
File source | Digital still camera |
Scene type | A directly photographed image |
Custom image processing | Normal process |
Exposure mode | Auto exposure |
White balance | Manual white balance |
Digital zoom ratio | 0 |
Focal length in 35 mm film | 38 mm |
Scene capture type | Standard |
Scene control | None |
Contrast | Normal |
Saturation | Normal |
Sharpness | Normal |
Subject distance range | Unknown |