Title: The American journal of science
Identifier: americanjourna3501895newh (find matches)
Year: 1880 (1880s)
Authors:
Subjects: Science
Publisher: New Haven : J. D. & E. S. Dana
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library

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484 0. C. Marsh—On Dinosaurian Reptiles. Affinities of Dinosaurs. The extinct reptiles known as Dinosaurs were for a long time regarded as a peculiar order, having, indeed, certain rela- tions to Birds, but without being closely allied to any of the other groups of known Keptiles. Megalosaurus and Iguano- don, the first Dinosaurian genera described, were justly con- sidered as representing two distinct families, one including the carnivores, and the other the herbivorous forms. With the discovery and investigation of Cetiosaurus and its allies in Europe, and especially of the gigantic forms with similar characters in America, it became evident that these reptiles could not be placed in the same families with Megalo- saurus, or Iguanodon, but constituted a well-marked group by themselves. It was this new order, the Sauropoda, as I have called them, that first showed definite characters allying them with other known groups of Reptiles. In 1878, I pointed out that the Sauropoda were the least specialized of the Dinosaurs, and I gave a list of characters in which they showed such an approach to the Mesozoic Crocodiles as to sug- gest a common ancestry at no very remote period.*
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Figure 1.—Kestoration of AHosaurus fsrratus, Fraas; with dermal armor of the limbs removed. One-eighth natural size. Again in 1884,1 called attention to the same point, and also to the relationship of Dinosaurs with the Aetosauria, as I had named them, a group of small reptiles from the Triassic of Ger- many, showing strong affinities with Crocodilians.f A restora- tion of one of these small animals is shown in the diagram before you (figure 1). In the same communication I compared with Dinosaurs another allied group, the Hallopoda, which I had described from the lower Jurassic of America, but had not then fully investigated. Subsequent researches proved the latter group to be of the first importance in estimating the affinities of Dinosaurs, and in another diagram (figures 4-5), I have placed before you restorations of the fore and hind limbs of the type species (Hallopus victor). *This Journal, vol. xvi, p. 412, November, 1878. f Report British Association, Montreal Meeting, 1884, p. 765.

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