Identifier: warineuropeitsca00john (find matches)
Title: The war in Europe, its causes and consequences; an authentic narrative of the immediate and remote causes of the war, with a descriptive account of the countries involved, including statistics of armies, navies, aeroplanes, dirigibles, &c., &c
Year: 1914 (1910s)
Authors: Johnson, Rossiter, 1840-1931, ed
Subjects: World War, 1914-1918
Publisher: New York, Sully and Kleinteich
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: Sloan Foundation

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is XIV, and was accepted, which act closedthe brief but stormy Revolution of July. The Revolutionary Movements of 1848.—A hundred years ago,throughout Central Europe, began a political movement which, gath-ering strength in the middle of the nineteenth century, brought abouta profound change in systems of government. Up to that time thespirit of absolutism had prevailed. Emperors and kings apparentlywaged wars to please themselves, and when a peace was concluded thepeople over whom they ruled found themselves little better off thanbefore. Constitutional government was still a dream. Free speechand a free press were unknown. Feudalism was still in force, and ap-parently there was no relief from tyranny and excessive taxation. One of the chief causes in maintaining these conditions was thelack of national solidarity. The voluntary union of men speakingthe same language, animated by the same ideals, and bound by ties ofblood, had not been accomphshed. The destinies of races were at the
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S^^^l/K?* THE RUINS OF LOUVAINThe Hotel de Ville Is Standing Intact Among the Ruins of the Beautiful Cathedral of St. Pierre 136 REVOLUTIONARY MOVEMENTS OF 184.8 137 mercy of conquerors and statesmen, and countries were partitioned,re-united and again partitioned, without reference to the la^vs of natu-ral development or to the consent of the governed. The Austrianrulers in the early nineteenth century, jireceding the ascension ofFrancis Joseph, were men of small capacity, yet one statesman,Prince JMetternich—witli the prestige of the empire to support him—■was able to impose his will upon Central Europe, and to smother theexpression of all liberal ideas. The popular uprising that resulted, among other tilings, in thefall of INIetternich, his flight and exile, was twofold. Its aim was, inthe flrst place, to reform the intolerable abuses of the State, local andgeneral, and in the second place, so to arouse the spirit of freedom thatmen united by common ties of race and language w

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