Identifier: gri_spanishameri00chil (find matches)
Title: The Spanish-American republics
Year: 1891 (1890s)
Authors: Child, Theodore, 1846-1892
Subjects:
Publisher: New York, Harper & brothers
Contributing Library: Getty Research Institute
Digitizing Sponsor: Getty Research Institute

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e substance, either for its iodine house, or for purifying its boilerwater, or for both purposes. The mixing of the bisulphite with theagua vieja is effected in the wooden baths by means of compressed-air blowers, or more primitively by means of revolving paddles turnedby hand. When once the precipitation has taken place, the water isdrawn off, neutralized, and returned to the tanks, whence it passesagain through the nitrate cachuchos. The iodine is also drawn off, \-/l THE SPANISH-AMERICAN REPUBLICS. washed, filtered, and pressed into cakes, which are placed in ironretorts, the neck of which runs into a series of fire-clay pipes of suffi-cient length to cool and sublimate the vapors, which are collected inthe form of beautiful violet crystals, packed in barrels, and shipped. In order to make the theoreticaldescription of the manufacture ofnitrate more vivid, we must refer thereader to our illustrations, where theywill see some of the details of thework and the ensemble of an ojiciua,
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TRUCKS BRINGING CALICHE TO BOILING TANKS. with its black chimneys, its terraces of red tanks discolored withdrippings and stalactites of nitrate, its labyrinthine systems of pipesand valves, and its mountains of snow-white salts piled up in thecanchas ready for the market. The oficina of La Primitiva is thelargest yet established, and for the benefit of readers of a practicaland precise turn of mind I will give a summary of its capacity. In THE Nil RATE DESERT OF TARAPACA. (73 La Primitiva everything is duplicated; there are two sets of ma-chinery, complete and distinct, each set consisting of: Three crushers,worked by an engine of 36-horse-power. Twelve boiling tanks, orcachuchos, each 32 by 6 feet, and 9 -feet deep, provided with coils offive turns of drawn-steel pipe 3 inches in diameter. Six settlingtanks, used only for making refined nitrate of 96 per cent., ordinarynitrate being 95 per cent. Four rclave tanks, whence the water ispumped back to the higher level by centrifugal pum

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