Identifier: breastitsanomali00deav (find matches)
Title: The breast: its anomalies, its diseases, and their treatment
Year: 1917 (1910s)
Authors: Deaver, John B. (John Blair), 1855-1931
Subjects: Breast Breast X-rays Breast Diseases Breast Neoplasms Radiotherapy
Publisher: Philadelphia, P. Blakiston's Son & Co
Contributing Library: Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons

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ncer cells for a considerable period of timebefore they become palpably enlarged so that the clinical findings are by no means atrue index of the pre-metastatic time interval, which latter, in the case of human cancerat least, seems to vary considerably in different cases. Tyzzer, on the other hand, claimsthat the interval of time that elapses between the appearance of the tumor and theoccurrence of metastasis, is quite constant for certain tumor diseases of the lower animals,an observation which Murphy considers the most important contribution to the path-ology of malignant disease since Virchows introduction of the cellular theory. If thisobservation proves applicable to cancer in man it will undoubtedly become of the greatestpractical value. Williams states that general dissemination of cancer of the breastoccurs from one to three years after the onset of the disease, and about 15 monthsafter invasion of the axillary lymph nodes. It is well to remember, however, that 496 THE BREAST
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Fig. 185.—Diagram showing the lymphatics of the breast and the lymphatic systems with which theycommunicate. (For Explanation of diagram see foot note, page 497.) CARCINOMA 497 visceral metastases may be present in the entire absence of palpable lymph-node in-volvement, so that a negative axilla is not incompatible with widespread internalmetastasis. Not only is the exact time at which metastasis takes place in the individual caseunknown, but we are likewise ignorant of the factors that actually cause cancerousdissemination. It is likely, however, that a number of factors combine to cause metas-tasis and that a different set of factors is effective in different cases. It is a well-knownfact that organs or even parts of organs which frequently give rise to primary cancerrarely lodge metastatic cancer cells from distant organs. The frequent invasion of onebreast from cancer of its fellow of the opposite side is explained by the distribution ofthe lymphatics of the chest wall, while tr

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