Title: The cat : an introduction to the study of backboned animals, especially mammals
Identifier: catintroduction00miva (find matches)
Year: 1881 (1880s)
Authors: Mivart, St. George Jackson, 1827-1900
Subjects: Cats; Anatomy, Comparative
Publisher: New York : Scribner's
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: The Library of Congress

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118 THE CAT. (CHAP. IT
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the pit between the condyles of the tibia to the inner and posterior part of the external condyle. The posterior (or internal) one (pc) goes from a more posteriorly situated part of the same pit to the front part of the concavity between the condyles or the outer side of the inner condyle. Two fibro-cartilaginous crescentic structures (s), the semi-lunar cartilages, are inter- posed between the femur and the tibia, reposing on the outer and inner margins of the upper surface of the latter. A capsular ligament surrounds the knee-joint incompletely, being deficient beneath the tendons of the muscles, and in the regions occupied by the other ligaments. A very large membrane of the kind called synovial (the largest such mem- brane in the cat's body) lines the knee- joint, extending up above (and within) the patella, and investing the crucial ligaments in front, and both surfacej of the semi-lunar cartilages. The ripper ends of the tibia and fibula are connected by two small flat and oval surfaces, bound together by a tibio-fibular ligament (tf) passing from the head of the fibula to the external tuberosity of the tibia. An inter-osseous membrane, or liga- ment (I), passes from the external ridge of the tibia to the adjacent surface of the fibula. It does not ascend quite to the summit of the interval between the leg-bones. The ARTICULATIONS AND LIGAMENTS OF THE FOOT are SO closely connected with those of the inferior ends of the leg-bones that these latter may best be described with the former. The ankle-joint is strengthened by anterior and posterior liga- mentous bands. The internal lateral ligament of the ankle-joint passes down (broadening as it descends) from the end of the internal malleolus somewhat to the astragalus and oscalcis, but especially to the tube- rosity of the naviculare. The external lateral ligament also radiates as it descends from the lower end of the fibula to the os calcis. The internal malleolus descends somewhat below the external one, and the tibia descends a little more behind the astragalus than it does in front of it. A certain amount of motion is possible between the distal tarsals, and the astragalus and os calcis—a movement facilitated by the presence of synovial membrane. :. 75.—Vertical Section through Knee-joint. a. Anterior crucial ligament (cut short). b. Bursa. c. c, c. Capsular ligament. /. (Above) femur. /. (In the joint) adipose tissue. Ip. Ligament of the patella. p. Posterior crucial ligament. pa. Patella. s. Inter-articular cartilages

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