Identifier: earthitsinhabita941recl (find matches)
Title: The earth and its inhabitants ..
Year: 1894 (1890s)
Authors: Reclus, Elisée, 1830-1905 Ravenstein, Ernest George, 1834-1913 Keane, A. H. (Augustus Henry), 1833-1912
Subjects: Geography
Publisher: New York, D. Appleton and company
Contributing Library: MBLWHOI Library
Digitizing Sponsor: Boston Library Consortium Member Libraries

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> ,/.» .■Hat 1^.° ./jV ^^1, 7850 vYest of ureenw cK -TT-TT--^ m 5 Miles. the positions, though not from measuring the altitude by the boiling-waterprocess. From the highest point, ascended by Whymper in 1879 and again in1880, a view is commanded of all the volcanoes forming the Ecuadorean avenue,as well as of the western Pacific range, with its peaks, its passes, and valleys,and, beyond the intervening woodlands, the broad expanse of the ocean 200 milesoff. During the second ascent Whjmper and his companions encamped on theupper snows, while the atmosphere was filled with a cloud of ashes ejected byCotopaxi 60 miles away to the north-west. Southwards the porphyritic range decreases in height, and is successively 234 SOUTH AMERICA—THE ANDES EEGIONS. pierced by the valleys of the Ilios Chanchan, Canar, and Jubones. Beyond thefirst short section, Chilchil, more like an isolated group than a range, the crest 0 Fig. 90.—Geological Formation of Ecuadoe.Scale 1 : 4,000,000.
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WestoK Greenwich Granite, Gneiss, Porphyries, Dioiites. Cretaceous Formations. Tertiary and Quaternary Crystalline Schists. Fornaations. Alluvia. Tufas and Volcinic Conglomevates. Andésites, Lavas._^^.^^^^__^^_ 62 Miles. is developed in a long curve of paramos, which is crossed at the Cajas pass (13,570feet). Beyond the Rio Jubones the cordillera loses all regularity, and, underthe name of Chilla, takes a trend transverse to its primitive axis, to merge in HYDROGRAPHY OF ECUADOR. 235 the Eastern Cordillera at the Loja Knot ; the whole Ecuadorean system thuspasses in a single ridge into Peruvian territory. Since the time of La Condamine and his associates, the altitudes of the heightsand cities of Ecuador have frequently been measured, but nearly always withvarying results. Even the first observers recorded figures for Chimborazo withdiscrepancies of over 1,000 feet. Hence it would be premature to base anygeological hypotheses on the growth or decrease of the igneous cones of Ecuadord

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