Identifier: evolutionofmanpo02hae (find matches)
Title: The evolution of man: a popular exposition of the principal points of human ontogeny and phylogene
Year: 1896 (1890s)
Authors: Haeckel, Ernst, 1834-1919
Subjects: Evolution Embryology, Human Anatomy, Comparative Human beings
Publisher: New York, Fowle
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Institution Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library

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related to Man, havebeen grouped. They originated from the Tailed Catarhines,by the loss of the tail, the partial loss of their hairy cover-ing, and the further development of the brain, the latterbeing indicated in the preponderating development of thebrain-skull over the facial skull. At the present time butfew forms of this remarkable family are in existence; theyare distributed into two different groups, an African and anAsiatic group. The African Man-like Apes are limited tothe western part of tropical Africa, but are probably dis-tributed over Central Africa in several species. Only twospecies are well known: the Gorilla (Pongo gorilla^ orGorilla engina), the largest of all Apes (Fig. 207); and thesmaller Chimpanzee (Pongo troglodytes, or Engeco troglo-dytes), which may be seen in several zoological gardens(Figs. 206, Plate XIV. Figs. 1, 2). Both the African Man-like Apes are black in colour, and like their countrymen, HAECKELS EVOLUTION OF MAN. PLATE XIV, Chimpanzee 2 Gorilla.
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3. Orang, 4. Negro. MAN-LIKE APES. l8l fche Negroes, have the head long from back to front (doli-chocephalic). The Asiatic Man-like Apes are, on the con-trary, mostly of a brown, or yellowish brown colour, andhave the head short from back to front (brachycephalic),like their countrymen, the Malays and Mongols. Thelargest Asiatic Man-like Ape is the well-known Orang, orOrang-outang (Fig. 128), which is indigenous in the SundaIslands (Borneo, Sumatra), and is brown in colour. Twospecies have recently been distinguished: the great Orang(Satyrus Orang; Fig. 205,Plate XIV.Fig. 3), and the smallOrang (Satyrus morio). A genus of smaller Anthropoids(Fig. 204), the Gibbons (Hylobates), live on the main-landof Southern Asia and on the Sunda Islands; from four toeight different species of these have been distinguished.Neither of these living Anthropoids can be indicated as theApe absolutely most like Man. The Gorilla approachesnearest to Man in the structure of the hand and foot, theChimpanzee i

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