Identifier: triumphswonderso01boyd (find matches)
Title: Triumphs and wonders of the 19th century, the true mirror of a phenomenal era, a volume of original, entertaining and instructive historic and descriptive writings, showing the many and marvellous achievements which distinguish an hundred years of material, intellectual, social and moral progress ..
Year: 1899 (1890s)
Authors: Boyd, James Penny, 1836-1910
Subjects: Progress Inventions
Publisher: Philadelphia, Pa., A. J. Holman & Co
Contributing Library: The Library of Congress
Digitizing Sponsor: Sloan Foundation

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r, are notliable to capture under an enemys flag. (4) Blockades, in order to be bind-ing, must be effectual. Spain, Mexico, Venezuela, and the United Statesdeclined to adhere to the Declaration. The United States adopted 2,3, and 4, 666 TRIUMPHS AND WONDERS OF THE XIXth CENTURY and offered to agree to the abolition of privateering if noncontraband pro-perty of the enemy were exempted under its own flag. The United Statesand Spain refrained from privateering in the recent war. Private propertyof the enemy on land has long been exempt from capture. II. Law-Making Bodies. — State legislators were originally chosen fromlanded proprietors, except, perhaps, in Pennsylvania. Legislatures frequentlyhad the selection of governors, judges, and other high officials, but the Ohioconstitution in 1802 foreshadowed the coming democracy. Distrust has fol-lowed reliance on legislatures. Their sessions have been limited in abouthalf the States to an average of less than ninety days, and almost every-
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INDEPENDEKCE HALL AND SQUARE. WINTER SCENE. where made biennial. Increase of the members own compensation is for-bidden. Their duties are carefully prescribed. Common requirements are,reading of bills on three days; one subject for a bill, and that expressedin title; recital of old law, upon revision ; prohibition of riders on appro-priations. Nearly half the States require a majority in each house of allmembers elected thereto. Constitutional restrictions on state and municipalindebtedness and loan followed the burdens assumed in the first exultationover inventions in transportation. The Pennsylvania constitution, for in-stance, prohibits local or special laws in about thirty cases, such as inmunicipal affairs, descent of property, judicial proceedings, remitting penal-ties, exemption from taxation, regulating labor, chartering corporations.Boundaries between legislative and judicial proceedings have been simpli-fied ; special legislation in marriage and divorce has been forbidden ;

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