Title: Vanilla culture in Puerto Rico
Identifier: CAT31289489 (find matches)
Year: 1948 (1940s)
Authors: Childers, Norman Franklin, 1910-
Subjects: Vanilla; Orchids
Publisher: Washington, D. C. : U. S. Dept. of Agriculture
Contributing Library: U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Library
Digitizing Sponsor: U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Agricultural Library

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60 CIRCULAR NO. 2 8, FEDERAL EXPERIMENT STATION Blast (mildew or anublo) disease.—The blast or mildew disease was first reported (8) in Puerto Rico near Villalba in 1939 and subse- quently lias been seen in many vanilleries. The symptoms usually are evident in the early development of the flower clusters but it is not uncommon for them to appear later while the vanilla pods are devel- oping. The soft dark brown rotting usually begins at the stem end and extends toward the apical end, or, it may develop in the reverse man- ner. Many of the beans drop, leaving the bare inflorescence axis (fig. 49). According to observations at this station, the disease is favored
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Figure 47.—Injury on the three beans to the right was caused by lizards climbing over the immature beans. The scratches lower the grade of the beans. by heavily shaded humid areas where the beans remain moist almost continually. Pruning to admit proper light and air circulation is recommended for control. If serious, a bordeaux mixture can be used as a spray with 3 pounds of copper sulphate, 4 pounds of hydrated lime, and 50 gallons of water. A similar disease has been reported in other countries, including Madagascar, Reunion, Haiti, and Mexico. G. Bouriquet (3), of Mada- gascar, maintains that this, or a similar disease, is caused by Phto- phthora jatrophae Jens. This organism attacks also Jatropha curcas L., a vanilla support tree commonly used in Madagascar and Reunion.

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