Identifier: veterinaryobstet00will (find matches)
Title: Veterinary obstetrics, including the diseases of breeding animals and of the new-born
Year: 1909 (1900s)
Authors: Williams, Walter Long, 1856-
Subjects: Veterinary obstetrics
Publisher: Ithaca, N.Y. : The author
Contributing Library: NCSU Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: NCSU Libraries

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Obstetrics above the testicle in the horse. In ruminants, this reversal ofrelation does not occur, as the long diameter remains perpendicu-lar. The processus vaginalis remains normally open throughoutlife in the domestic animals, but in the adult it is so narrow thatabdominal viscera may not escape through it. When the testicle has descended into the scrotum, it is attachedposteriorly at the bottom to the fundus of the sac by the guber-naculum and upwards along the posterior wall of the scrotum andinguinal canal by the frenum, consi.sting of the peritoneal dupli-cature between V and G in Fig. 57 ; above, the gland is connectedby means of the testicular or spermatic cord, consisting of thevas deferens, arteries, veins and lymphatics covered by peritoneum.In the foal, pig, and more rarely in other species, at the time ofbirth, we frequently meet with a hernia (congenital scrotalhernia) of intestines or omentum through an abnormally largeprocessus vaginalis, alongside the spermatic cord.
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UA<::^ Fig. 57. Right Inguinai, Region of Foai., 24 Hrs. OldIllustrating descent of testicle, viewed from below, the testicle lifted upwards to reveal attachmeuts.P, Processus vaginalis, surrounded by a dotted line and contain-ing a curved sound, S. G, Gubernaculuin testis emerging fromthe internal inguinal ring and reaching to the larger portion,G, which extends to the epididymis, E, and is succeeded bythe final or third section of the gubernaculum, G^. reachingfrom E to the testicle, T.A, Artery of testicle. V, Vas deferens. H, Hladder. UA, Um-bilic arteries. The Repiodtidive Organs 339 In some instances, the epididymis, E, Fig. 57, descends intothe scrotal sac, while the gland remains in the abdomen or in-carcerated in the internal ring. Far more frequenth^ both glandand epididymis are retained within the peritoneal cavity to con-stitute cryptorchidy. The successful castration of cryptorchidanimals depends fundamentally upon a practical knowledge ofthe track and mode of descent

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