Identifier: zologytextbook00cock (find matches)
Title: Zöology; a textbook for colleges and universities
Year: 1920 (1920s)
Authors: Cockerell, Theodore D. A. (Theodore Dru Alison), 1866-1948
Subjects: Zoology
Publisher: Yonkers-on-Hudson, N. Y., World book company
Contributing Library: MBLWHOI Library
Digitizing Sponsor: MBLWHOI Library

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ited States National Museum for iSg^. MATTHEW, W. D. Dinosaurs. Handbook of American Museum of Natu-ral History. New York, 1915. CHAPTER FORTY-EIGHT BIRDS I. ALL birds have feathers, and in this they differ Charactersfrom every other group of animals. In common withthe reptiles, they lay hard-shelled eggs and have scalyfeet, but they resemble mammals in having warm blood.The blood is, indeed, warmer than that of mammals;in the small, active, singing birds it is at least 10 degrees(Fahrenheit) above that of man. In all zoologicalarrangements the birds (Aves, from the Latin avis, abird) follow the reptiles and are followed by the mam-mals ; but no zoologist believes this to have been thecourse of evolution. The mammals and birds aroseindependently from reptilian ancestors, and today thebirds are much more reptilian than mammalian instructure. The feathers must be regarded as greatlymodified scales, and the single occipital condyle at thebase of the skull is a reptilian feature. Although
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From Thompsons Zoology FIG. 150. Wing of a dove, showing the bones and important feathers : h, humerus;r, radius; u, ulna; c, carpals; m.c., carpo-metacarpals; s.f., secondary feathers;p.f., primary feathers. 373 374 ZOOLOGY Feathers modern birds are without teeth, very ancient fossilforms are known in which the jaws have numerous

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