Commons:Copyright rules by territory/Consolidated list Oceania/de
| V • T • E | Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet |
 Geographische Subregionen gemäß den Vereinten Nationen | |
| Afrika | |
| Amerika | |
| Asien | |
| Europa | |
| Ozeanien | |
| Andere | |
This page gives overviews of copyright rules in different countries or territories of Oceania. It is "transcluded" from individual pages giving the rules for each territory.
COM:American Samoa
Amerikanisch-Samoa
.svg)
American Samoa is an unincorporated territory of the United States located in the South Pacific Ocean, southeast of Samoa.
Geschichte
Under the 1899 Tripartite Convention Germany and the United States partitioned the Samoan Islands. Germany took the larger islands to the west, now Samoa, while the United States took the smaller eastern island group, known as the Tutuila Islands in 1900 and officially Manu'a in 1904. The United States formally annexed the islands in 1902, and in 1911 renamed them American Samoa. American Samoa became self-governing under a constitution effective from 1 July 1967, but is on the United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories.
Gesetze
American Samoa laws are subject to a constitution that became effective 17 October 1960.[1][2] A Constitutional Convention of American Samoa in Fagatogo begun on 26 September 1966 and approved several amendments.[3] These were approved in a referendum in the general elections in 1966, and became effective 1 July 1967.[4]
Of the organized territories, the United States Copyright Office says that: "U.S. federal copyright law applies in the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands but not in American Samoa."[5] Title 27 of the American Samoa Consolidated Legislation - Code Annotated (ASCA), related to Commerce and Trade, prohibits import of export of Goods, merchandise or commodities that violate international or U.S. copyright or patent laws, but does not otherwise mention copyright law.[6]
As of 1993, American Samoa itself enacted no copyright laws. However, "because a copyright may be obtained by a person who is not a citizen of the U.S., but who is instead either "a national or domiciliary of the United States" (17 U.S.C. 104(b)(1)), United States copyright protection is available to Samoans in general... That protection, however, would not extend to the Samoan... author "at home" in Samoa... because the Federal law does not extend to... Samoa."[7] In other words, "The Federal copyright laws... do not apply within American Samoa..., but American Samoans can obtain copyright protection elsewhere in the United States".[8]
This means that American Samoans can register for copyright protection from the United States, however works created in American Samoa and that are not registered for United States copyright protection are possibly in the public domain.
Lizenzvorlagen
Währung
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Vereinigte Staaten#CUR
Panoramafreiheit
May be similar to COM:FOP US.
The absence of copyright law applying to the territory means that photos that would be affected by freedom of panorama could be uploaded. However, as the copyright of any American Samoan architect living in the United States would be protected according to US federal law, realistically such photos would be protected similarly to American FOP.
Briefmarken
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Vereinigte Staaten#Briefmarken
Siehe auch
Zitate
- ↑ Leibowitz, 1980, p. 254
- ↑ Leibowitz, 1989, p. 420
- ↑ Leibowitz, 1980, pp. 254-255
- ↑ Revised Constitution of American Samoa. International Labour Organization (ILO) (1967). Retrieved on 2020-03-23.
- ↑ Circular 38a: International Copyright Relations of the United States 14. U.S. Copyright Office. Retrieved on 2019-03-14.
- ↑ American Samoa Consolidated Legislation - Code Annotated (ASCA) : Commerce and Trade [Title 27]. Pacific Islands Legal Information Institute (2020). Retrieved on 2020-03-23.
- ↑ Extraterritoriality does not apply in copyright law.
- ↑ The application of Federal laws in ... American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, the U.S. Virgin Islands: by Dept. of the Interior, Office of the Solicitor., Washington, 1993, volume 2, p. 465-470
Sources
- Leibowitz, Arnold H (1980). "American Samoa: Decline of a Culture". California Western International Law Journal 10: 220–271.
- Leibowitz, Arnold H (1989) Defining Status: A Comprehensive Analysis of United States Territorial Relations ISBN: 978-0-7923-0069-4.
COM:Australia
Australien
|
Urheberrechtsregeln: Australien Kürzel: COM:AUSTRALIEN | |
 | |
.svg) | |
| Schutzfrist | |
|---|---|
| Standard | 70 Jahre p. m. a. |
| Anonym | Veröffentlichung + 70 Jahre |
| Regierung | Erstellung + 50 Jahre |
| Andere | |
| Panoramafreiheit | Für 3D-Werke und „Werke des Kunsthandwerks“ |
| Abkommen | |
| Berner Übereinkunft | 14. April 1928 |
| Welthandelsorganisation-Mitglied | 1. Januar 1995 |
| URAA-Wiederherstellungsdatum* | 1. Januar 1996 |
| WIPO-Urheberrechtsvertrag | 26. Juli 2007 |
| *Ein Werk ist in der Regel in den USA geschützt, wenn es sich um eine Art von Werk handelt, das in den USA urheberrechtsfähig ist, nach 31 December 1928 veröffentlicht wurde und im Ursprungsland am URAA-Datum geschützt ist. | |
Diese Seite bietet einen Überblick über die Urheberrechtsregeln Australiens, die für das Hochladen von Werken in Wikimedia Commons relevant sind. Da sich die Server der Wikimedia Foundation in den Vereinigten Staaten befinden, muss jedes Werk, das aus Australien stammt, sowohl in Australien als auch in den Vereinigten Staaten gemeinfrei oder unter einer freien Lizenz verfügbar sein, bevor es auf Wikimedia Commons hochgeladen werden kann. Bei Zweifeln über den urheberrechtlichen Status eines in Australien geschaffenen Werkes sind die einschlägigen Gesetze und die Leitlinien für die Urheberrechtpolitik der australischen Regierung zu beachten.
Geltende gesetzliche Bestimmungen
Australien ist seit dem 14. April 1928 Mitglied des Berner Übereinkommen, seit dem 1. Januar 1995 Mitglied der Welthandelsorganisation und am 26. Juli 2007 dem WIPO-Urheberrechtsvertrag beigetreten.[1] Seit 2018 führt die Weltorganisation für geistiges Eigentum (WIPO), eine Unterorganisation der Vereinten Nationen, den Copyright Act 1968 (Cth) (konsolidiert am 22. Dezember 2017) als das wichtigste Geistiges-Eigentum-Gesetz der föderalen Legislative von Australien auf. [1] Die WIPO verfügt in ihrer WIPO Lex-Datenbank über den Text dieses Gesetzes[2] und den Text der einzelnen Gesetze, die das Gesetz von 1968 geändert haben.[3]
Nicht-staatliche Werke
Das Urheberrechtsgesetz von 1968 wurde mit Wirkung vom 1. Januar 2005 geändert und im Februar 2008 weiter abgeändert. Vor diesen Änderungen betrug die Frist 50 Jahre. Die Änderungen waren nicht rückwirkend; abgelaufene Urheberrechte wurden nicht wiederbelebt.
Das Gesetz (konsolidiert am 22. Dezember 2017) enthält die folgenden Bestimmungen:
- Das australische Urheberrecht wird auf Werke angewandt, die zuerst in Australien veröffentlicht wurden oder deren Urheber ein australischer Staatsbürger, ein in Australien ansässiger Bürger oder eine unter dem Schutz der australischen Regierung stehende Person ist/war.
- Vorbehaltlich dieses Abschnitts besteht das Urheberrecht an einem literarischen, dramatischen, musikalischen oder künstlerischen Werk aufgrund dieses Teils bis zum Ablauf von 70 Jahren nach dem Ende des Kalenderjahres, in dem der Urheber des Werks gestorben ist.
- Für posthume Werke besteht das Urheberrecht bis zum Ablauf von 70 Jahren nach dem Ende des Kalenderjahres, in dem das Werk zum ersten Mal veröffentlicht, öffentlich aufgeführt oder gesendet wurde oder Aufzeichnungen des Werks zum ersten Mal der Öffentlichkeit zum Kauf angeboten oder ausgestellt wurden, je nachdem, welches dieser Ereignisse am frühesten eintritt.[1968-2017 Sec.33(3)]
- Bei anonymen oder pseudonymen Werken erlischt das Urheberrecht 70 Jahre nach der ersten Veröffentlichung des Werks.[1968-2017 § 34]
Infolgedessen gelten die folgenden Bestimmungen:
- Alle veröffentlichten Werke, deren Autor vor dem 1. Januar 1955 gestorben ist, sind gemeinfrei.
- Da das Urheberrecht für Werke, die vor der Gesetzesänderung im Jahr 2005 erloschen sind, nicht wiederhergestellt wurde, sind alle veröffentlichten Werke, deren Autor vor dem 1. Januar 1955 gestorben ist, gemeinfrei, da sie vor Inkrafttreten des neuen Gesetzes erloschen sind. Das Urheberrecht geht zu Beginn des nächsten Jahres verloren; Werke von Autoren, die 1955 gestorben sind, werden also erst 2026 urheberrechtsfrei sein.
- Alle anonymen oder pseudonymen Werke, die vor dem 1. Januar $Jahr veröffentlicht wurden, sind gemeinfrei.
- Unveröffentlichte Werke sind nicht gemeinfrei.
- Fotografien (veröffentlicht oder unveröffentlicht), die vor dem 1. Januar 1955 aufgenommen wurden, sind gemeinfrei.
Werke der Regierung
Gemäß dem Copyright Act 1968 (konsolidiert ab 22. Dezember 2017):
- Das Commonwealth oder ein Staat ist Inhaber des Urheberrechts an einem literarischen, dramatischen, musikalischen oder künstlerischen Originalwerk, das vom Commonwealth bzw. dem Staat oder unter dessen Leitung oder Kontrolle geschaffen wurde.[1968-2017 Sec.176(2)]
- Das Urheberrecht an einem literarischen, dramatischen oder musikalischen Werk, dessen Eigentümer das Commonwealth oder ein Staat ist … (a) wenn das Werk unveröffentlicht ist - besteht fort, solange das Werk unveröffentlicht bleibt; und (b) wenn das Werk veröffentlicht ist - besteht fort, oder, wenn das Urheberrecht an dem Werk unmittelbar vor seiner ersten Veröffentlichung bestand, besteht fort bis zum Ablauf von 50 Jahren nach dem Ablauf des Kalenderjahres, in dem das Werk erstmals veröffentlicht wurde.[1968-2017 Sec.180(1)]
Lizenzvorlagen
- {{PD-Australia}} - für australische Fotografien, die 70 Jahre nach dem Tod des Urhebers veröffentlicht wurden, oder Fotografien, die vor 1955 aufgenommen wurden
- {{PD-Australia-currency}} - für Münzen, die vor dem 1. Mai 1969 entworfen wurden
- {{PD-AustraliaGov}} - für staatliche Werke, deren Urheberrecht abgelaufen ist.
- {{DFAT}} - für Werke des Ministeriums für auswärtige Angelegenheiten und Handel
Währung
Nicht OK for coins or banknotes designed on or after 1 May 1969.
OK for coins or banknotes designed before 1 May 1969, but under the following conditions: Derivative works of images of banknotes are expressly forbidden. Low resolution images of banknotes are allowed for editorial or educational purposes, as long as only one side of a bank note is featured. See website for details of exact size requirements for images.
Designs from prior to 1 May 1969 are in the public domain, and should use the tag {{PD-Australia-currency}}.
Panoramafreiheit
- OK for 3D works {{FoP-Australia}}
- OK for 2D "works of artistic craftmanship" {{FoP-Australia}}
- Nicht OK for other types of artworks
Freedom of Panorama is dealt with in the Australian Copyright Act, sections 65–68, and is based on the laws of the United Kingdom.
"Artistic work" is defined under section 10 of the Copyright Act 1968 as:
- (a) a painting, sculpture, drawing, engraving or photograph, whether the work is of artistic quality or not;
- (b) a building or a model of a building, whether the building or model is of artistic quality or not; or
- (c) a work of artistic craftsmanship whether or not mentioned in paragraph (a) or (b);
The main concern stems from what is a work of "artistic craftmanship", which the statutory law does not clearly define, but was defined in case law under Burge v Swarbrick [4] The High Court ruled that whether a work has that quality depends on whether it is a work of craftsmanship the artistic form of expression of which is sufficiently "unconstrained by functional considerations".
In the Australian Federal Law Review, Justine Pila wrote an article in light of of the High Court ruling in Burgess that:
- "I suggest the requirement for artistic quality is simply a requirement for a [work of artistic craftmanship] 'not imaginary, unreal or apparent only' ... As those cases reflect, even conceived in historical terms, WACs are not exceptional works but rather paradigmatic works, contrary to the orthodox view above. The fact that they are functional too does not lessen their need for artistic quality".[5]
Furthermore, she stated that:
- "what constitutes a work of artistic craftsmanship is the same as what constitutes other works — their properties of form and the history of their individual production." [5]
Several users claim that this implies two-dimensional flat arts like paintings and street art are considered as "works of artistic craftsmanship" in Australia, but others doubt about this interpretation and it has not been completely accepted by Wikimedia Commons community. Moreover, according to an information sheet of the Australian Copyright Council concerning street art (dated November 2019), the exception provided by Section 65 "applies only to sculptures and works of artistic craftsmanship, not to other artistic works such as murals and graffiti. Therefore, the copyright in a mural or graffiti may be infringed by taking a photograph of it." It adds that licensing permission from the copyright holder is needed, for uses of Australian street art "to feature on a website; to photograph, particularly for commercial purposes (e.g. to sell as postcards or prints); to use as the location of a film shoot; or to publish in a book or magazine."[6]
Briefmarken
Australia Post claims copyright ownership of Australian stamps for 50 years from publication (http://www.caslon.com.au/ipguide24.htm). Stamps published before 1 January 1974 can be tagged with {{PD-Australia}}.
Schöpfungshöhe
Nicht OK for most logos. The level of originality required for copyright protection in Australia is very low. Images showing the en:Australian Aboriginal Flag were consistently deleted from Commons as an Australian court has ruled that the flag is copyrighted.
-
The Australian Aboriginal Flag is allowed on Commons only because the Australian government has purchased the copyright from the original author, retroactively applying laws that place it in public domain in its country of origin
Siehe auch
- Australian Government guidance on duration of copyright
- Australia
- Category:Australian FOP cases
- Category:License tags of Australia
- Category:Stamps of Australia
- Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Vereinigtes Königreich
Zitate
- ↑ a b Cite error: Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namedAustralien-WIPO - ↑ Copyright Act 1968 (consolidated as of December 22, 2017). Australia (2017). Retrieved on 2018-11-04.
- ↑ Australia Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights). WIPO: World Intellectual Property Organization (2018). Retrieved on 2018-11-04.
- ↑ (2007) 232 CLR 336 ('Burge')
- ↑ a b Pila, Justine (2008). "Works of Artistic Craftsmanship in the High Court of Australia: the exception as paradigm copyright Work". Federal Law Review 36 (3): 363–379. DOI:10.22145/flr.36.3.4. ISSN 0067205X.
- ↑ Street Art & Copyright. Australian Copyright Council.
- ↑ Harold Joseph Thomas v David George Brown & James Morrison Vallely Tennant [1997] FCA 215. Federal Court of Australia (9 April 1997).
COM:British Overseas Territories
britische Überseegebiete
_in_the_World_(%2BAntarctica_claims).svg)
Die Britischen Überseegebiete sind 14 Gebiete, die unter der Rechtsprechung und Souveränität des Vereinigten Königreichs stehen. Es handelt sich um Überbleibsel des Britischen Empire, die nicht in die Unabhängigkeit entlassen wurden oder dafür gestimmt haben, britische Territorien zu bleiben. Diese Gebiete sind nicht Teil des Vereinigten Königreichs. Es sind:
- Akrotiri und Dekelia
- Anguilla
- Bermuda
- Britisches Antarktis-Territorium
- Britisches Territorium im Indischen Ozean
- Britische Jungferninseln
- Cayman Islands
- Falklandinseln
- Gibraltar
- Montserrat
- Pitcairninseln
- St. Helena, Ascension und Tristan da Cunha
- Südgeorgien und die Südlichen Sandwichinseln
- Turks- und Caicosinseln
In der Regel hat jedes Gebiet eine lokale Regierung und kann lokale Gesetze, einschließlich Urheberrechtsgesetze, erlassen, die sich stark an die Gesetze des Vereinigten Königreichs anlehnen.
Panoramafreiheit Zusammenfassung
Siehe auch
Zitate
COM:Clipperton Island
Clipperton-Insel
Clipperton Island is is an uninhabited coral atoll in the eastern Pacific Ocean off the coast of Central America. It is an overseas minor territory of France, under direct authority of the Minister of Overseas France.
Für Werke von Clipperton Island gilt das französische Urheberrecht
Lizenzvorlagen
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich#TAG
Währung
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich#CUR
Panoramafreiheit
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich#FOP
Briefmarken
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich#Briefmarken
Siehe auch
- Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Französische Überseegebiete
- Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich
Zitate
COM:Cook Islands
Cookinseln
|
Urheberrechtsregeln: Cookinseln Kürzel: COM:Cook Islands | |
 | |
.svg) | |
| Schutzfrist | |
|---|---|
| Standard | 50 Jahre p. m. a. |
| Audiovisuell | Erstellung/Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Gemeinschaftswerk | Erstellung/Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Angewandte Kunst | Erstellung + 25 Jahre |
| Andere | |
| Frist geht bis zum Jahresende | Ja |
| Abkommen | |
| Berner Übereinkunft | 3. August 2017 |
| WIPO-Urheberrechtsvertrag | 19 June 2019 |
This page provides an overview of copyright rules of the Cook Islands that are relevant to uploading works into Wikimedia Commons. Note that any work originating in the Cook Islands must be in the public domain, or available under a free license, in both the Cook Islands and the United States before it can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. If there is any doubt about the copyright status of a work from the Cook Islands, refer to the Copyright Act for clarification.
Hintergrund
The Cook Islands became a British protectorate in 1888. In 1900 the islands were annexed by Britain. In 1901 they were included within the boundaries of the Colony of New Zealand. The islands remained a New Zealand dependent territory until 1965, when they became self-governing. The Cook Islands today is a self-governing island country in free association with New Zealand. The Cook Islands has been a member of the Berne Convention since 3 August 2017 and the WIPO Copyright treaty since 19 June 2019.[1]
As of 2019 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, listed the Copyright Act 2013 and the Traditional Knowledge Act 2013 as the main IP laws enacted by the legislature of the Cook Islands.[2] The WIPO-LEX website holds copies of these acts, which both entered into force on 5 December 2013.[3][4]
The Copyright Act 1962 of New Zealand applied to the Cook Islands until 2013.[5] The 2013 Act replaced the Copyright Act 1962, but was not retroactive.
- On and from its commencement, this Act applies, with any necessary modification, to any work, performance, sound recording, or communication to the public protected under the Copyright Act 1962 or any previous Act if the term of copyright protection or rights protection for the work, performance, sound recording, or communication to the public has not expired under that enactment (the previous enactment).[8/2013 Sec.53(1)]
- The protection under subsection (1) applies for the balance of the term of protection as calculated in accordance with the previous enactment.[8/2013 Sec.53(2)]
Allgemeines
According to the former Copyright Act 1962, a work is in the public domain if it meets one of the following criteria:
- It is an anonymous work or pseudonymous work and 50 years have passed since the date of its publication
- It is another kind of work, and 50 years have passed since the year of death of the author (or last-surviving author)
- It is work not published during the lifetime of the author, and 75 years have passed since the death of the author, or 50 years have passed since the date of its publication, whichever period is the shorter
- It is a photographic work, sound recording, cinematograph film, television or sound broadcast and 50 years have passed since the date of its creation
- It is a "original literary, dramatic, musical, or artistic work made by or under the direction or control of Her Majesty or a Government Department", and 50 years have passed since the date of its creation
According to the Copyright Act 8/2013,
- Copyright in a work (other than a work of applied art or a typographical arrangement of a published edition) exists (a) for the life of the author; and (b) for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the author dies.[8/2013 Sec.13(1)]
- If 2 or more individuals are the authors of a work, copyright in the work (other than a work of applied art or a typographical arrangement of a published edition) exists ( a) for the life of the longest-surviving author; and (b) for 50 years from the end ·of the calendar year in which that author dies.[8/2013 Sec.13(2)]
- Copyright in a collective work (other than a work of applied art or a typographical arrangement of a published edition) or film exists for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the latest of the following events occurred: (a) the work was made: (b) the work was first made available to the public: (c) the work was first published.[8/2013 Sec.13(3)]
- Copyright in a work of applied art (including a collective work) exists for 25 years from the end of the calendar year in which the work was made.[8/2013 Sec.13(4)]
- Copyright in a typographical arrangement of a published edition of the whole or any part of a literary work, dramatic work, or musical work (including a collective work) exists for 25 years from the end of the calendar year in which the edition is first published.[8/2013 Sec.13(5)]
Nicht geschützt
- The definition of "work" does not include any work that is an official text, or a translation, of a legislative, administrative, or legal nature.[8/2013 Sec.3(work)]
- Copyright does not exist in any idea, procedure, system, method of operation, concept, principle, discovery, or data expressed, described, explained, illustrated, or otherwise embodied in a work.[8/2013 Sec.7(4)]
Traditional knowledge
The Traditional Knowledge Act 2013, which is not retroactive, imposes non-copyright restrictions on the uses allowed for expressions of traditional knowledge. Ownership of rights to traditional knowledge is confirmed by the Are Korero of the traditional community, and the owner must approve various types of use, including commercial use.
Panoramafreiheit
Nicht OK There is no provision in the 2013 law for freedom of panorama.
The 1962 law broadly followed the Copyright Act 1956 (UK), which did allow Freedom of Panorama. The 2013 law applies to any works whose copyright had not expired when it came into effect.[8/2013 Sec.53]
Siehe auch
Zitate
- ↑ Berne Notification No. 277. WIPO (3 May 2017). Retrieved on 2020-03-25.
- ↑ Cook Islands. WIPO Lex (2018). Retrieved on 2019-03-20.
- ↑ Copyright Act 2013. Retrieved on 2019-03-20.
- ↑ Traditional Knowledge Act 2013. Retrieved on 2019-03-20.
- ↑ Copyright Act 1962. Pacific Islands Legal Information Institute. Retrieved on 2019-03-16.
COM:Fiji
Fidschi
|
Urheberrechtsregeln: Fidschi Kürzel: COM:FIDSCHI | |
 | |
_(Polynesia_centered).svg) | |
| Schutzfrist | |
|---|---|
| Standard | 50 Jahre p. m. a. |
| Fotografie | Erstellung + 50 Jahre |
| Anonym | Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Audiovisuell | Erstellung / Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Regierung | Erstellung + 50 Jahre |
| Andere | |
| Frist geht bis zum Jahresende | Ja |
| Gemeinsame Lizenzvorlagen | {{PD-Fiji}} |
| Abkommen | |
| Berner Übereinkunft | 9. Oktober 1970 |
| Welthandelsorganisation-Mitglied | 14. Januar 1996 |
| URAA-Wiederherstellungsdatum* | 1. Januar 1996 |
| *Ein Werk ist in der Regel in den USA geschützt, wenn es sich um eine Art von Werk handelt, das in den USA urheberrechtsfähig ist, nach 31 December 1928 veröffentlicht wurde und im Ursprungsland am URAA-Datum geschützt ist. | |
This page provides an overview of copyright rules of Fiji relevant to uploading works into Wikimedia Commons. Note that any work originating in Fiji must be in the public domain, or available under a free license, in both Fiji and the United States before it can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. If there is any doubt about the copyright status of a work from Fiji, refer to the relevant laws for clarification.
Hintergrund
The British established the crown colony of Fiji in 1874. Fiji gained independence in 1970. Fiji has been a member of the Berne Convention since 9 October 1970.[1] By letter dated 1 December 1971, the Government of Fiji deposited a declaration of continued application of the Brussels Act of the Berne Convention.[2] Fiji joined the World Trade Organization since 14 January 1996.[1]
As of 2018 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, listed the Copyright Act, 1999 as the main IP law enacted by the legislature of Fiji.[1] WIPO holds the text of this law in their WIPO Lex database.[3]
Anwendbarkeit
According to the Copyright Act, 1999, copyright is a property right that exists in accordance with this Act in original works of the following descriptions: (a) literary, dramatic, musical, or artistic works; (b) sound recordings; (c) audio visual works; (d) broadcasts; (e) cable programmes; (f) typographical arrangements of published editions.[1999 Section 14(1)]
Durations
Under the Copyright Act, 1999,
- Subject to the following subsections, copyright in a literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work expires at the end of 50 years after the end of the calendar year in which the author dies.[1999 Section 22(1)]
- If the work is a photograph, copyright expires at the end of 50 years after the end of the calendar year in which the photograph is taken.[1999 Section 22(2)]
- If the work is computer-generated, copyright expires at the end of 50 years after the end of the calendar year of authorised publication of the work, or, if there is no authorised publication within 50 years after the making of the work, at the end of 50 years after the end of the calendar year of its making.[1999 Section 22(3)]
- If the work is of unknown authorship, copyright expires at the end of 50 years after the end of the calendar year of authorised publication of the work, or if there is no authorized publication within 50 years after the making of the work. at the end of 50 years after the end of the calendar year of its making.[1999 Section 22(4)] If the identity of the author of a work of unknown authorship becomes known after the copyright has expired, the copyright is not revived.[1999 Section 22(5)]
- With a work of joint authorship, the reference to the death of the author is to be construed as a reference to the death of the last of the authors whose identity is known.[1999 Section 22(6)]
- Copyright in a sound recording or audio visual works expires at the end of the period of 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the work is made, or is first made available to the public, or is first published, whichever is the latest.[1999 Section 23(1)]
- Copyright in a broadcast or a cable programme expires at the end of the period of 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the broadcast is made or the cable programme is communicated to the public.[1999 Section 24(1)]
- Copyright in a typographical arrangement of a published edition expires at the end of the period of 25 years from the end of the calendar year in which the edition is first published.[1999 Section 25]
- Where a work is made by or under the direction or control of the State, the State is the first owner of any copyright in the work.[1999 Section 26(1)] State copyright expires
- in the case of a typographical arrangement of a published edition - at the end of the period of 25 years from the end of the calendar year in which the work is made;[1999 Section 26(3a)]
- in the case of any other work - at the end of the period of 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the work is made.[1999 Section 26(3b)]
Nicht geschützt
Under the Copyright Act, 1999, no copyright exists in any of the following works: (a) any Bill introduced into the House of Representatives; (b) any Act as defined in the Interpretation Act (Cap 7); (c) any subsidiary legislation as defined in the Interpretation Act (Cap 7); (d) the debates of the Parliament of the Fiji Islands; (e) a report of a Royal Commission, Commission of Inquiry, ministerial inquiry or statutory inquiry; (f) a judgment of any court or tribunal.[1999 Section 27(1] This applies to works made before or after this Act comes into force.[1999 Section 27(2]
Lizenzvorlagen
- {{PD-Fiji}} – for photographs at least 50 years after production.
Panoramafreiheit
OK for buildings, sculptures and works of artistic craftsmanship. Under the Copyright Act, 1999,
- This section applies to (a) buildings; and (b) works (being sculptures, models for buildings, or works of artistic craftsmanship) that are permanently situated in a public place or in premises open to the public.[1999 Section 67(1)]
- Copyright in a work to which this section applies is not infringed by (a) copying the work by making a graphic work representing it; (b) copying the work by making a photograph or audiovisual work of it; or (c) broadcasting, or including in a cable programme, a visual image of the work.[1999 Section 67(2)]
- Copyright is not infringed by the issue to the public of copies, or the broadcasting or communication to the public or inclusion in a cable programme, of anything the making of which was, under this section, not an infringement of copyright.[1999 Section 67(3)]
Zitate
- ↑ a b c Fiji Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights). WIPO: World Intellectual Property Organization (2018). Retrieved on 2018-11-04.
- ↑ Berne Notification No. 33 ... Accession of Fiji to the Stockholm Act[1], WIPO, (Please provide a date or year)
- ↑ Copyright Act, 1999. Fiji (1999). Retrieved on 2018-11-04.
COM:French Polynesia
Französisch-Polynesien
.svg)
Französisch-Polynesien ist ein französisches Überseegebiet. Es besteht aus 118 Inseln und Atollen im südlichen Pazifik.
As a French overseas collectivity, the local government has no competence in justice, university education, security and defense. Services in these areas are directly provided and administered by the government of France. The same copyright laws apply as in the rest of France.
Lizenzvorlagen
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich#TAG
Währung
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich#CUR
Panoramafreiheit
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich#FOP
Briefmarken
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich#Briefmarken
Siehe auch
- French Polynesia
- Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Französische Überseegebiete
- Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich
Zitate
COM:French Southern and Antarctic Lands
Französische Süd- und Antarktisgebiete
_(Madagascar_centered).svg)
French Southern and Antarctic Lands is an overseas territory of France. The territory has no permanent civilian population.
The copyright laws of France would most likely apply for works from the French Southern and Antarctic Lands.[1]
Lizenzvorlagen
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich#TAG
Währung
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich#CUR
Panoramafreiheit
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich#FOP
Briefmarken
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich#Briefmarken
Siehe auch
- French Southern and Antarctic Lands
- Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Französische Überseegebiete
- Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich
- Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Antarktis
Zitate
COM:Guam
Guam
Guam is an unincorporated and organized territory of the United States in Micronesia in the western Pacific Ocean. Guam is governed by a popularly elected governor and a unicameral 15-member legislature, whose members are known as senators.
Von den organisierten Territorien sagt das United States Copyright Office: „Das US-Bundes-Urheberrecht gilt auf den Amerikanischen Jungferninseln, Guam und den Nördlichen Marianen, aber nicht auf Amerikanisch-Samoa.“[1] Dies liegt daran, dass das US-Bundes-Urheberrecht für "die organisierten Gebiete unter der Gerichtsbarkeit der Regierung der Vereinigten Staaten" gilt (17 USC 101) und die Jungferninseln ein organisiertes Territorium mit 48 USC 1421 wurden. Darüber hinaus "wurden die Urheberrechtsgesetze durch Abschnitt 24 des Guam Omnibus Act von 1956 (70 Stat. 908, 911 , 48 USC 48 USC 142^) ausdrücklich auf Guam ausgedehnt"[2]
The Guam Omnibus Act of 1956 (codified as 48 U.S.C. § 1421n) states:[3]
§ 1421n. Applicability of Federal copyright laws
The laws of the United States relating to copyrights, and to the enforcement of rights arising thereunder, shall have the same force and effect in Guam as in the continental United States.
Lizenzvorlagen
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Vereinigte Staaten#US Territories
Währung
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Vereinigte Staaten#CUR
Panoramafreiheit
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Vereinigte Staaten#FOP
Briefmarken
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Vereinigte Staaten#Briefmarken
Siehe auch
Zitate
- ↑ Circular 38a: International Copyright Relations of the United States 14. U.S. Copyright Office. Retrieved on 2019-03-14.
- ↑ The application of Federal laws in ... American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, the U.S. Virgin Islands, 2, p. 467−469
- ↑ 70 Stat. 911
COM:Hawaii
Hawaii
|
Urheberrechtsregeln: Hawaii Kürzel: COM:HW | |
 | |
_(small_islands_magnified)_(Polynesia_centered).svg) | |
| Schutzfrist | |
|---|---|
| Andere | |
| Abkommen | |
Hawaii ist der 50. und jüngste Staat, der den Vereinigten Staaten beigetreten ist.
Hawaii was an independent kingdom until 1893, when it became the Republic of Hawaii. The United States annexed the country in 1898, but granted self-governance to the Territory of Hawaii in 1900. Hawaii received statehood on 21 August 1959.
Werke aus Hawaii unterliegen den Urheberrechtsgesetzen der Vereinigten Staaten.
Lizenzvorlagen
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Vereinigte Staaten#TAG
Währung
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Vereinigte Staaten#CUR
Panoramafreiheit
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Vereinigte Staaten#FOP
Briefmarken
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Vereinigte Staaten#Briefmarken
Siehe auch
Zitate
COM:Kiribati
Kiribati
|
Urheberrechtsregeln: Kiribati Kürzel: COM:KIRIBATI | |
 | |
.svg) | |
| Schutzfrist | |
|---|---|
| Standard | 50 Jahre p. m. a. |
| Fotografie | 50 Jahre p. m. a. |
| Anonym | Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Audiovisuell | Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Gemeinschaftswerk | Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Angewandte Kunst | Create + 25 years |
| Andere | |
| Frist geht bis zum Jahresende | Yes |
| Gemeinsame Lizenzvorlagen | {{PD-Kiribati}} |
| ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 | KIR |
| Abkommen | |
| Berner Übereinkunft | 2. Januar 2018 |
| URAA-Wiederherstellungsdatum* | 2. Januar 2018 |
| WIPO-Urheberrechtsvertrag | 22. Juni 2021 |
| *Ein Werk ist in der Regel in den USA geschützt, wenn es sich um eine Art von Werk handelt, das in den USA urheberrechtsfähig ist, nach 31 December 1928 veröffentlicht wurde und im Ursprungsland am URAA-Datum geschützt ist. | |
This page provides an overview of copyright rules of Kiribati relevant to uploading works into Wikimedia Commons. Note that any work originating in Kiribati must be in the public domain, or available under a free license, in both Kiribati and the United States before it can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. If there is any doubt about the copyright status of a work from Kiribati, refer to the relevant laws for clarification.
Hintergrund
Kiribati is a sovereign state in Micronesia in the central Pacific Ocean. In 1892 the islands that now comprise Kiribati and Tuvalu became the British protectorate of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands, part of the part of the British Western Pacific Territories. In 1916 the Gilbert and Ellice Islands were made a British crown colony. In 1976 the Gilbert and Ellice islands became the separate colonies of Kiribati and Tuvalu. Kiribati became fully independent in 1979.
Kiribati has been a member of the Berne Convention since 2 January 2018 and WIPO Copyright Treaty since 22 June 2021.[1] As of 2020 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, listed the Copyright Act 2018 as the main IP law enacted by the legislature of Kiribati. It was effective 5 November 2018. This replaced the United Kingdom's 1917 Copyright Ordinance (Cap 16), revised and consolidated in 1998. Kiribati adopted parts of the Copyright Act 1956 of England, but not Section 22 of this Act.[1]
WIPO holds the text of the 2018 Copyright Act in their WIPO Lex database.[2] WIPO holds the text of the 1998 Kiribati law in their WIPO Lex database.[3] The full text of the Copyright Act, 1956 (United Kingdom) is available in Wikisource.[4]
Definition
Under the Copyright Act 2018, effective 5 November 2018, Section 3:[2]
"work"
- (a) means an original work of any of the following - (i) an artistic work; (ii) a dramatic work (iii) a literary work (iv) a musical work (v) a film; (vi) a derivative work; (vii) a collective work; (viii) a typographical arrangement of a published edition; and
- (b) includes a part of any work described in any of sub-paragraphs (i) to (viii) of paragraph (a); but
- (c) does not include any work that is an official text, or a translation, of a legislative, administrative, or legal nature;
An artistic work means
- (a) a building or model of a building; or
- (b) any of the following whether or not the work has artistic merit -
- (i) a painting, sculpture, drawing, illustration, sketch, engraving, etching, lithography, tapestry, woodcut, print photograph, collage, model, or other similar work;
- (ii) a map, plan, chart, diagram, sketch technical drawing, illustration, or other similar work, or a 3-dimensional work, relating to architecture, geography, topography, or science;
- (iii) a work of applied art, whether handmade or manufactured, that has utilitarian functions or that incorporated in a useful article (for example, an item of furniture, pottery, or weaving); and
- (iv) any other work of artistic craftsmanship;
"collective" work means-
- (a) work in which there are distinct contributions by different authors or in which works, or parts of works, of different authors are incorporated (for example, a newspaper); and
- (b) a compilation of data (including those in electronic or other form readable by a computer or other machine).
General rules
Under the Copyright Act 2018, effective 5 November 2018, Section 13:[2]
- (1) Copyright in a work (other than a work of applied art or a typographical arrangement of a published edition) exists-
- (a) for the life of the author; and
- (b) for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the author dies.
- (2) If two or more individuals are the authors of a work, copyright in the work (other than a work of applied art or a typographical arrangement of a published edition) exists-
- (a) for the life of the longest-surviving author; and
- (b) for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which that author dies.
- (3) Copyright in a collective work (other than a work of applied art or a typographical· arrangement of a published edition) or film exists for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the latest of the following events occurred -
- (a) the work was made;
- (b) the work was first made available to the public; and
- (c) the work was first published.
- (4) Copyright in a work of applied art (including a collective work) exists for 25 years from the end of the calendar year in which the work was made.
- (5) Copyright in a typographical, arrangement of a published edition of the whole or any part of a literary work, dramatic work, or musical work (including a collective work) exists for 25 years from the end of the calendar year in which the edition is first published.
Ehemalige Regeln
All rights protected under the former Copyright Ordinance Cap 16 continued to be recognized under the 2018 Act. By implication, rights that had expired were not retroactively restored by the 2018 Act.[2018 Art.50]
Under the former Copyright Act 1956 of England,
- Copyright subsists in an original literary, dramatic or musical work for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the author died.[1956 Sec.2(1)]
- An "artistic work" means any of paintings, sculptures, drawings, engravings and photographs, buildings or models for buildings, and works of artistic craftsmanship.[1956 Sec.3(1)]
- Copyright subsists in an artistic work for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the author died.[1956 Sec.3(4)]
- With an engraving, if before the death of the author the engraving had not been published, copyright subsists for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which it is first published.[1956 Sec.3(4a)]
- Copyright in a photograph subsists for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the photograph is first published.[1956 Sec.3(4b)]
- Copyright subsists in a sound recording for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the recording is first published.[1956 Sec.12(3)]
- Copyright in a film subsists for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which it is registered.[1956 Sec.13(3a)]
- Copyright in a television broadcast or sound broadcast subsists for 50 years from the end of the calendar year which the broadcast is made.[1956 Sec.14(2)]
- Where the first publication of a literary, dramatic, or musical work, or of an artistic work other than a photograph, is anonymous or pseudonymous, copyright subsists for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the work was first published.[1956 Schedule.2(b))]
Werke der Regierung
Under the 2018 Act, "work" does not include any work that is an official text, or a translation, of a legislative, administrative, or legal nature.[2018 Art.3] These are not protected.
Under the former Copyright Act 1956 of England,
- For literary, dramatic or musical works made by or under the direction or control of Her Majesty or a Government department, copyright (a) where the work is unpublished, subsists so long as the work remains unpublished, and (b) where the work is published, subsists for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the work was first published.[1956 Sec.39(3)]
- Copyright in an artistic work to which Her Majesty is entitled subsists for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the work was made.[1956 Sec.39(4)]
Panoramafreiheit
Nicht OK: Under the Copyright Act 2018, effective 5 November 2018, Division 2 - Exceptions to copyright infringement, there is no exemption for copies of works situated in public places.
Under the former Copyright Act 1956 of England,
- The copyright in a work which is permanently situated in a public place, or in premises open to the public, is not infringed by the making of a painting, drawing, engraving or photograph of the work, or the inclusion of the work in a cinematography film or in a television broadcast.[1956 Sec.9(3)]
- The copyright in a work of architecture is not infringed by the making of a painting, drawing, engraving or photograph of the work, or the inclusion of the work in a cinematography film or in a television broadcast.[1956 Sec.9(4)]
Siehe auch
Zitate
- ↑ a b Kiribati Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights). WIPO: World Intellectual Property Organization (2018). Retrieved on 2018-11-05.
- ↑ a b c Copyright Act 2018. Kiribati (2018). Retrieved on 2021-01-09.
- ↑ Copyright Ordinance (Cap 16). Kiribati (1998). Retrieved on 2018-11-05.
- ↑ Copyright Act, 1956 (United Kingdom). Retrieved on 2019-03-16.
COM:Marshall Islands
Marshallinseln
|
Urheberrechtsregeln: Marshallinseln Kürzel: COM:Marshall Islands | |
 | |
_(Polynesia_centered).svg) | |
| Schutzfrist | |
|---|---|
| Andere | |
| Gemeinsame Lizenzvorlagen | {{PD-Marshall Islands}} |
| Abkommen | |
| URAA-Wiederherstellungsdatum* | None |
| *Ein Werk ist in der Regel in den USA geschützt, wenn es sich um eine Art von Werk handelt, das in den USA urheberrechtsfähig ist, nach 31 December 1928 veröffentlicht wurde und im Ursprungsland am URAA-Datum geschützt ist. | |
This page provides an overview of copyright rules of the Marshall Islands relevant to uploading works into Wikimedia Commons. Note that any work originating in the Marshall Islands must be in the public domain, or available under a free license, in both the Marshall Islands and the United States before it can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. If there is any doubt about the copyright status of a work from the Marshall Islands, refer to the relevant laws for clarification.
Geltende gesetzliche Bestimmungen
The Marshall Islands were claimed by Spain in 1592. Spain sold them to Germany in 1885, and they became part of German New Guinea. The islands were occupied by Japan during World War I, and made part of Japan's South Pacific Mandate in 1920. The islands were occupied by the United States in 1944 and formally made part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. In 1979 they became fully independent in a Compact of Free Association with the United States.
The Marshall Islands is party to several treaties which contain minor clauses relating to intellectual property, although it appears that most of these relate to specific and minor issues not related to the types of works that Wikimedia Commons hosts. For example, the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture states that "[recipients of seeds from foreign countries party to the treaty] shall not claim any intellectual property or other rights that limit the facilitated access to the plant genetic resources for food and agriculture".[1]
As of 2018 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, did not list any IP laws enacted by the legislature of the Marshall Islands other than the Unauthorized Copies of Recorded Materials Act, 1991.[1] As of 2010 there was no IP/copyright legislation outside of that act.[2] The Pacific Islands Legal Information Institute holds a copy of this act.[3]
Allgemeine Regeln
The Unauthorized Copies of Recorded Materials Act, 1991 prohibits the unauthorized sale, copying/transfer for sale/profit, or commercial use (eg. public performance for profit) of sound & audio-visual recordings only. The Act does not apply if:[1991 §204]
- the person who owns the master [disc/film/record/etc] is not a citizen of [the Marshall Islands;
- the master sound recording or audio-visual work "was not created, originated, produced or otherwise recorded in the [Marshall Islands]";
- the copied work is "intended for or in connection with a radio or television broadcast transmission that is available to the public without charge, or for historic, cultural or archival preservation or related purposes"; or
- the work is copied solely for personal use "with no intent to capitalize commercially on such reproduction."
The four exemptions listed will not apply if they contradict the text of any international treaty (whether it specifically focuses on intellectual property or not) which is ratified by the Marshall Islands.
Lack of relevant treaties
 
|
Per U.S. Circ. 38a, the following countries are not participants in the Berne Convention or Welturheberrechtsabkommen and there is no presidential proclamation restoring U.S. copyright protection to works of these countries on the basis of reciprocal treatment of the works of U.S. nationals or domiciliaries:
As such, works published by citizens of these countries in these countries are usually not subject to copyright protection outside of these countries. Hence, such works may be in the public domain in most other countries worldwide. However:
Marshall Islands has enacted Unauthorized Copies of Recorded Materials Act, 1991 which came into force on 30 September 1991, it grants some Marshallese works limited, internal, intellectual property rights over sound and audio-visual recordings only. |
Panoramafreiheit
OK on a high level, probably Nicht OK if reproducted as audiovisual works [citation needed?]. The only "copyright protections" provided by the Unauthorized Copies of Recorded Materials Act, 1991 does not extend to any architectural or artistic works, or other type of permanently placed works, so any photograph reproductions of them are just considered acceptable, just use {{PD-Marshall Islands}} if and when appropriate.
Zitate
- ↑ a b Marshall Islands Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights)[2], WIPO: World Intellectual Property Organization, 2018
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20101211183050/http://www.pifnet.ib.wipo.net/page_mh/pifnet_mh_info.htm
- ↑ Unauthorized Copies of Recorded Materials Act, 1991.
COM:Micronesia
Föderierte Staaten von Mikronesien
Commons:Copyright rules by territory/Micronesia/en
COM:Nauru
Nauru
|
Urheberrechtsregeln: Nauru Kürzel: COM:NAURU | |
 | |
.svg) | |
| Schutzfrist | |
|---|---|
| Standard | 50 Jahre p. m. a. |
| Gemeinschaftswerk | Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Regierung | Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Angewandte Kunst | Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Andere | |
| Panoramafreiheit | No |
| Frist geht bis zum Jahresende | Yes |
| Gemeinsame Lizenzvorlagen | {{PD-Nauru}} |
| ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 | NRU |
| Abkommen | |
| Berner Übereinkunft | 11. Mai 2020 |
| URAA-Wiederherstellungsdatum* | 11. Mai 2020 |
| WIPO-Urheberrechtsvertrag | 11. August 2020 |
| *Ein Werk ist in der Regel in den USA geschützt, wenn es sich um eine Art von Werk handelt, das in den USA urheberrechtsfähig ist, nach 31 December 1928 veröffentlicht wurde und im Ursprungsland am URAA-Datum geschützt ist. | |
This page provides an overview of copyright rules of Nauru relevant to uploading works into Wikimedia Commons. Note that any work originating in Nauru must be in the public domain, or available under a free license, in both Nauru and the United States before it can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. If there is any doubt about the copyright status of a work from Nauru, refer to the relevant laws for clarification.
Hintergrund
Nauru was claimed as a colony by Germany in the late 19th century. After World War I, Nauru became a League of Nations mandate administered by Australia, New Zealand and the United Kingdom. After World War II the country entered into United Nations trusteeship. Nauru gained its independence in 1968.
As of 2018 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, did not show Nauru as a member of the World Trade Organization.[1] However, Nauru became a member of the Berne Convention as of 11 May 2020.[2]
Nauru joined the WIPO Copyright Treaty as of 11 August 2020.[3]
As of 2022, WIPO listed the Copyright Act 2019 (Act No. 17 of 2019) as the main copyright-related IP law enacted by the legislature of Nauru.[1] WIPO holds the text of this law in their WIPO Lex database.[4] This apparently replaces the Copyright Act 1956 (United Kingdom),[5] which was in force in the island republic from 1968 in accordance with Section 4(1) of the Custom and Adopted Laws Act 1971 (Act No. 11 of 1971), in which common laws and statutes in force in England on 31 January 1968 were adopted as laws of Nauru.[Act1971 Sec.4(1)]
It is unclear if the Copyright Act 2019 is retroactive or not, since the law does not provide an explicit transitionary provision. Nevertheless both the Copyright Act 2019 and the now-replaced Copyright Act 1956 have identical provisions on posthumous copyright durations for most works, providing a post mortem auctoris of 50 years, with the exception of government works. Also, freedom of panorama was apparently removed.
Allgemeine Regeln
Under the Copyright Act 2019,
- Copyright subsists in a work for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the author died.[2019 Sec.18(1)]
- Copyright subsists in a work of joint authorship for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the last-surviving author died.[2019 Sec.18(2)]
- Copyright in a collective work or a film subsists for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which it is made, is first made available to public, or is first published.[2019 Sec.18(3)]
- Copyright in an applied art or a collective work of applied art subsists for 25 years from the end of the calendar year in which the work was first made.[2019 Sec.18(4)]
- Copyright subsists for 25 years in a typographical arrangement of a published edition of the whole or any part of a literary work, dramatic work or musical work including a collective work, from the end of the calendar year in which this edition is first published.[2019 Sec.18(5)]
- In case the work is anonymous, "(a) the publisher, whose name appears on the work, shall be presumed to represent the author and shall be entitled to exercise and enforce the moral and economic rights of the author; and (b) where the author reveals his or her identity, the presumption shall cease to apply."[2019 Sec.10(3)]
Not protected
- Any idea, procedure, system, method of operation, concept, principle, mere data, discovery or date expressed, described, explained, illustrated or otherwise embodied in the work.[2019 Sec.19(a)]
- Any official text of a legislative, administrative or legal nature, as well as any official translation thereof.[2019 Sec.19(b)]
- News of the day or miscellaneous facts having the character of mere items of press information.[2019 Sec.19(c)]
- Political speeches and speeches delivered in the course of legal proceedings.[2019 Sec.19(d)]
- Judgments of a court of law or tribunal.[2019 Sec.19(e)]
==Werke der Regierung==
Under the Copyright Act 2019,
- Copyright in a typographical arrangement of a published edition subsists for 25 years from the end of the calendar year in which the work was made.[2019 Sec.15(3)(a)]
- Copyright in any other work subsists for 100 years from the end of the calendar year in which the work was made.[2019 Sec.15(3)(b)]
Panoramafreiheit
Nicht OK: The 2019 Copyright Act repealed the Copyright Act 1956 of England. The repealed 1956 law provided freedom of panorama for works of architecture and artistic works in public spaces.[1956 Sec.9(3 and 4)]
None of the exceptions or limitations to copyright in the current law contain such freedom of panorama provision.[2019 Sec.27–40]
Siehe auch
Zitate
- ↑ a b Nauru Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights). WIPO: World Intellectual Property Organization (2018). Retrieved on 2018-11-04.
- ↑ Berne Notification No. 284 : Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works : Accession by the Republic of Nauru[3], 11 February 2020
- ↑ WCT Notification No. 96 WIPO Copyright Treaty Accession by the Republic of Nauru[4], 11 May 2020
- ↑ Copyright Act 2019 (Act No. 17 of 2019)). Nauru (2019). Retrieved on 2022-10-02.
- ↑ Copyright Act, 1956 (United Kingdom). Retrieved on 2019-03-16.
COM:New Caledonia
Neukaledonien
_(Polynesia_centered).svg)
New Caledonia is a special collectivity of France in the southwest Pacific Ocean.
New Caledonia is a territory sui generis to which France has gradually transferred certain powers. The Kanak people have recourse to customary authorities regarding civil matters such as marriage, adoption, inheritance, and some land issues. The French administration typically respects decisions made in the customary system.
The copyright laws of France apply to New Caledonia.
Lizenzvorlagen
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich#TAG
Währung
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich#CUR
Panoramafreiheit
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich#FOP
Briefmarken
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich#Briefmarken
Siehe auch
- Nouvelle-Calédonie
- Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Französische Überseegebiete
- Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich
Zitate
COM:New Zealand
Neuseeland
|
Urheberrechtsregeln: Neuseeland Kürzel: COM:NEUSEELAND | |
 | |
.svg) | |
| Schutzfrist | |
|---|---|
| Standard | 50 Jahre p. m. a. |
| Anonym | Erstellung/Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Audiovisuell | Erstellung/Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Regierung | Erstellung/Veröffentlichung + 100 Jahre |
| Angewandte Kunst | Erstellung + 25 Jahre |
| Andere | |
| Frist geht bis zum Jahresende | Yes |
| Gemeinsame Lizenzvorlagen |
{{PD-New Zealand}} {{PD-NZ-exempt}} {{PD-Cook Islands}} {{PD-Niue}} |
| Abkommen | |
| Berner Übereinkunft | 24. April 1928 |
| Welthandelsorganisation-Mitglied | 1. Januar 1995 |
| URAA-Wiederherstellungsdatum* | 1. Januar 1996 |
| *Ein Werk ist in der Regel in den USA geschützt, wenn es sich um eine Art von Werk handelt, das in den USA urheberrechtsfähig ist, nach 31 December 1928 veröffentlicht wurde und im Ursprungsland am URAA-Datum geschützt ist. | |
This page provides an overview of copyright rules of New Zealand relevant to uploading works into Wikimedia Commons. Note that any work originating in New Zealand must be in the public domain, or available under a free license, in both New Zealand and the United States before it can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. If there is any doubt about the copyright status of a work from New Zealand, refer to the relevant laws for clarification.
Geltende gesetzliche Bestimmungen
New Zealand has been a member of the Berne Convention since 24 April 1928 and the World Trade Organization since 1 January 1995, as well as a signatory to various other international treaties.[1]
As of 2018 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, listed various acts including the Copyright Act 1994 (reprint as at 1 March 2017) as the main IP laws enacted by the legislature of New Zealand.[1] WIPO holds the text of the 1994 act in their WIPO Lex database.[2] The New Zealand Legislation holds a copy of the 1994 Act as of 30 December 2018, with a warning that some amendments have not yet been incorporated.[3]
The Copyright Act 1962 of New Zealand may apply on the Cook Islands and Niue, two self-governing states in free association with New Zealand.[4]
Allgemeine Regeln
Under the New Zealand Copyright Act of 1994 as of 30 December 2018,
- Subject to the following provisions of this section, copyright in a literary, dramatic, musical, or artistic work expires at the end of the period of 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the author dies.[1994-2018 Sec.22(1)]
- If the work is computer-generated, copyright expires at the end of the period of 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the work is made.[1994-2018 Sec.22(2)]
- If the work is of unknown authorship, copyright expires at the end of the period of 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which it is first made available to the public by an authorised act.[1994-2018 Sec.22(3)]
- In relation to a work of joint authorship, the reference in subsection (1) to the death of the author shall be construed ... as a reference to the death of the last of the authors whose identity is known.[1994-2018 Sec.22(6)]
- Copyright in a sound recording or film expires (a) at the end of the period of 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the work is made; or (b) if it is made available to the public by an authorised act before the end of that period, 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which it is so made available.[1994-2018 Sec.23(1)]
- Copyright in a communication work expires at the end of the period of 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the communication work is first communicated to the public.[1994-2018 Sec.24(1)]
- Copyright in a typographical arrangement of a published edition expires at the end of the period of 25 years from the end of the calendar year in which the edition is first published.[1994-2018 Sec.25]
Werke der Regierung
Under the New Zealand Copyright Act of 1994 as of 30 December 2018,
- Where a work is made by a person employed or engaged by the Crown ... the Crown is the first owner of any copyright in the work.[1994-2018 Sec.26(1)]
- Crown copyright shall expire ... at the end of the period of 100 years from the end of the calendar year in which the work is made.[1994-2018 Sec.26(3b)]
- Some government publications are not subject to copyright, including bills, acts, regulations, court judgments, royal commission and select committee reports, etc.[1994-2018 Sec.27]
Lizenzvorlagen
- {{PD-New Zealand}} – copyright has expired or it is not subject to copyright
- {{NZTA-Sign-Spec}} – for traffic signs used by the NZ Transport Agency (NZTA)
Währung
Not OK New Zealand coins and notes are copyrighted by the Reserve Bank of New Zealand. They note that "the Reserve Bank has no objection to reproducing our notes and coins as complete on-screen or printed images, typically for design, educational or illustrative purposes" but that "for intellectual property reasons we cannot grant permission to reproduce detail parts of these designs, and in particular that: (1) The ‘Pukaki’ image on the 20 cent coin is owned by Ngati Whakaue, used with permission by the Reserve Bank; (2) The image of H.M. The Queen on the obverse of our coins is owned by The Crown." This amounts to a restriction on derivative works, making the designs not appropriate for Commons.
The Reserve Bank of New Zealand provides guidelines on using images of currency.
Panoramafreiheit
- OK for 3D works {{FoP-New Zealand}}
- OK for 2D "works of artistic craftsmanship" {{FoP-New Zealand}}
- Not OK for 2D "graphic works". For image files such works, please file deletion requests and tag the resulting case pages with
<noinclude>[[Category:New Zealand FOP cases/pending]]</noinclude>.
Under the Copyright Act 1994 as of December 2018, Section 73,
- This section applies to the following works: (a) buildings (b) works (being sculptures, models for buildings, or works of artistic craftsmanship) that are permanently situated in a public place or in premises open to the public.[1994-2018 Sec.73(1)]
- Copyright in a work to which this section applies is not infringed by (a) copying the work by making a graphic work representing it; or (b) copying the work by making a photograph or film of it; or (c) communicating to the public a visual image of the work.[1994-2018 Sec.73(21)]
- Copyright is not infringed by the issue to the public of copies, or the communication to the public, of anything the making of which was, under this section, not an infringement of copyright.[1994-2018 Sec.73(3)]
Copyright legislation in New Zealand also follows that of the United Kingdom. In the absence of any specific case law to the contrary it is reasonable to assume that the rules will be identical. See Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Vereinigtes Königreich for more details.
Real life New Zealander FOP cases
- Murals by Xoë Hall
- Artist Xoë Hall outraged over work featured on calendar's cover (by Charlotte Cook of Radio New Zealand, 30 December 2019)
- Yes, street art is on public display - but that doesn’t mean we should share it without credit (by Mike Dickison and Bruce White of Stuff.co.nz, 10 July 2020)
Briefmarken
In New Zealand, the Crown Copyright is defined by Sections 2(1), 26 et 27 of the 1994 Copyright Act. It lasts 100 years, with exceptions. It protects the work created by a person employed or engaged by the Crown, Ministers of the Crown, offices of Parliament and government departments. See Wikipedia:Crown copyright [in English].
According to this law, images of New Zealand stamps are in the public domain :
- 50 years after issue for stamps issued before 31 December 1944 (Template:PD-NZ-50-years on the Wikipedia in English). Use {{PD-NZ-50-years}}. All stamps from 1944 and before are thus in the Public Domain.
- 100 years after issue for stamps issued between 1 January 1945 and the 31 March 1987 by the New Zealand Post Office as a Department of the Government. No stamps from 1945 onward will therefore become public domain before 1 January 2045.
Schöpfungshöhe
As stated in the New Zealand government's NZGOAL copyright guide (January 2015),
- As the Court of Appeal has stated, the “threshold test for originality is not high”, the determining factor being “whether sufficient time, skill, labour, or judgment has been expended in producing the work”. The Court has also reiterated the axiom, or principle, that copyright is not concerned with the originality of ideas but with the form of their expression. A work is not original, however, if (a) it is, or to the extent that it is, a copy of another work; or (b) it infringes the copyright in, or to the extent that it infringes the copyright in, another work.
Siehe auch
- New Zealand / Aotearoa
- Category:License tags of New Zealand
- Category:Postage stamps of New Zealand
- Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Cookinseln
- Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Niue
- Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Tokelau
- Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Vereinigtes Königreich
- Category:New Zealand FOP cases
Zitate
- ↑ a b New Zealand Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights)[5], WIPO: World Intellectual Property Organization, 2018
- ↑ Copyright Act 1994 (reprint as at 1 March 2017)[6], New Zealand, 2017
- ↑ Reprint as at 30 December 2018 Copyright Act 1994. New Zealand Legislation. Retrieved on 2019-03-16.
- ↑ Copyright Act 1962. Pacific Islands Legal Information Institute. Retrieved on 2019-03-16.
- ↑ Using images of currency. Reserve Bank of New Zealand. Retrieved on 2019-03-16.
- ↑ NZGOAL copyright guide. New Zealand Government (January 2015). Retrieved on 2019-03-16.
COM:Niue
Niue
|
Urheberrechtsregeln: Niue Kürzel: COM:NIUE | |
 | |
.svg) | |
| Schutzfrist | |
|---|---|
| Standard | 50 Jahre p. m. a. |
| Fotografie | Erstellung + 50 Jahre |
| Anonym | Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Audiovisuell | Erstellung + 50 Jahre |
| Posthum |
75 Jahre p. m. a. oder Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Andere | |
| Frist geht bis zum Jahresende | Ja |
| ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 | NIU |
| Abkommen | |
| Berner Übereinkunft | 24. September 2016 |
| WIPO-Urheberrechtsvertrag | 8. Januar 2015 |
Diese Seite bietet einen Überblick über die Urheberrechtsbestimmungen von Niue, die für das Hochladen von Werken in Wikimedia Commons relevant sind. Beachte, dass jedes Werk, das aus Niue stammt, sowohl in Niue als auch in den Vereinigten Staaten gemeinfrei oder unter einer freien Lizenz verfügbar sein muss, bevor es auf Wikimedia Commons hochgeladen werden kann. Bei Zweifeln über den urheberrechtlichen Status eines Werkes aus Niue ist das Urheberrechtsgesetz zur Klärung heranzuziehen.
Hintergrund
Niue is an island country in the South Pacific Ocean. Niue was brought within the boundaries of New Zealand on 11 June 1901 by the same Order and Proclamation as the Cook Islands. The New Zealand Parliament restored self-government in Niue with the 1974 constitution. It is now a self-governing state in free association with New Zealand. It is not a member of the United Nations.
Niue has been a member of the Berne Convention since 24 September 2016 and the WIPO Copyright treaty since 8 January 2015.[1][2]
As of 2019 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, listed the laws of Niue as of 2006. None covered copyright, but under the Niue Act 1966, Section 737 Protection of intellectual property, "A copyright, design, patent, or trademark protected by New Zealand law shall be accorded the same protection by the courts of Niue as that available in New Zealand under the laws of New Zealand for the time being in force."[3] The Copyright Act 1962 of New Zealand thus presumably applies on Niue.[4]
Allgemeines
Under the Copyright Act 1962,
- Where copyright subsists in any literary, dramatic, musical, or artistic work (other than a photograph),[1962 Sec.8(1)]
- If in the lifetime of the author the work has been published or performed in public or included in a broadcast, or records of the work have been offered for sale to the public, that copyright shall continue to subsist until the end of the period of fifty years from the end of the calendar year in which the author died, and shall then expire.[1962 Sec.8(1a)]
- If in the lifetime of the author none of the acts mentioned in paragraph (a) of this subsection has been done, that copyright shall continue to subsist until the end of the period of seventy -five years from the end of the calendar year in which the author died, and shall then expire.[1962 Sec.8(1b)]
- Provided that, if any of those acts has been done after the death of the author, copyright shall continue to subsist until the end of the period of fifty years from the end of the calendar year in which one of those acts has first been done, or the end of the period of seventy-five years from the end of the calendar year in which the author died, whichever period is the shorter.[1962 Sec.8(1)]
- Where copyright subsists in any photograph, that copyright shall continue to subsist until the end of the period of fifty years from the end of the calendar year in which the original photograph was taken and shall then expire.[1962 Sec.8(2)]
- Where the first publication of a literary, dramatic, or musical work, or of an artistic work other than a photograph, occurs in the lifetime of the author and is anonymous or pseudonymous, subsection (1) of section 8 of this Act shall not apply.[1962 Sec.11(1)]
- Subject to the preceding provisions of this Act, Any copyright subsisting by virtue of this Act in [an anonymous or pseudonymous work] shall continue to subsist until the end of the period of fifty years from the end of the calendar year in which the work was first published, and shall then expire.[1962 Sec.11(2)]
- Copyright subsisting in a sound recording shall continue to subsist until the end of the period of fifty years from the end of the calendar year in which the recording was made, and shall then expire.[1962 Sec.13(3)]
- Copyright subsisting in a cinematograph film shall continue to subsist until the end of the period of fifty years from the end of the calendar year during which the making of the film was completed, and shall then expire.[1962 Sec.14(3)]
- The Broadcasting Corporation shall be entitled to any copyright subsisting in a television broadcast or sound broadcast made by it; and any such copyright shall continue to subsist until the end of the period of fifty years from the end of the calendar year in which the broadcast is made, and shall then expire.[1962 Sec.15(3)]
Crown copyright
Copyright in a literary, dramatic, musical, or artistic work, whether unpublished or published, to which Her Majesty is entitled shall continue to subsist until the end of the period of fifty years from the end of the calendar year in which the work was made, or (in the case of a photograph) was taken, and shall then expire.[1962 Sec.52(3)]
Panoramafreiheit
OK For a work of architecture and for a work of sculpture, artistic craftsmanship or mural if permanently located in (or visible from) a public place.
Nicht OK for a painting, drawing, engraving or photograph
Under the 1962 Act, Section 20. General exceptions from protection of artistic works:
- (4) The copyright in a work of architecture is not infringed by the making of a painting, drawing, engraving, or photograph of the work or any part thereof, or the inclusion of the work or any part thereof in a cinematograph film or television broadcast.
- (5) The copyright in a sculpture, or in a work of artistic craftsmanship (not being a work of architecture and not being a painting, drawing, engraving, or photograph), or in a mural, is not infringed by the making of a painting, drawing, engraving, or photograph of the work or the inclusion of the work in a cinematograph film or television broadcast if the work is permanently situated in or in view of a public place within the meaning of the Police Offences Act 1927 or in any premises open to the public.
- (6) The copyright in an artistic work is not infringed by the publication of a painting, drawing, engraving, photograph, or cinematograph film, if by virtue of subsection (3), subsection (4) or subsection (5) of this section, the making of that painting, drawing, engraving, photograph, or film did not constitute an infringement of the copyright.
Siehe auch
Zitate
- ↑ Niue. WIPO.
- ↑ Berne Notification No. 275. WIPO (24 June 2016). Retrieved on 2020-03-25.
- ↑ Niue Laws 2006 Vol 3: Niue Act 1966 1228.
- ↑ Copyright Act 1962. Pacific Islands Legal Information Institute. Retrieved on 2019-03-16.
COM:Norfolk Island
Norfolkinsel
.svg)
Norfolk Island is a small island in the Pacific Ocean. Norfolk island was uninhabited until 1788, when a small group of Australians settled there. It was subject to New South Wales until 1914, when it was transferred to the Australian government. In 1979 the island was granted limited self-government. Together with the neighbouring Phillip Island and Nepean Island it forms one of the Commonwealth of Australia's external territories.
Vermutlich gelten die Urheberrechtsgesetze Australiens.
Lizenzvorlagen
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Australien#TAG
Währung
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Australien#CUR
Panoramafreiheit
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Australien#FOP
Briefmarken
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Australien#Briefmarken
Siehe auch
Zitate
COM:Northern Mariana Islands
Nördliche Marianen
_(small_islands_magnified).svg)
The Northern Mariana Islands is an insular area and commonwealth of the United States consisting of 14 islands in the northwestern Pacific Ocean. It includes the 14 northernmost islands in the Mariana Archipelago. It does not include the southernmost island of the chain, Guam, which is a separate U.S. territory.
Spain made the islands part of the Spanish East Indies in 1565. In 1899 Spain ceded Guam to the United States and sold the Northern Marianas to Germany. During World War I Japan invaded the islands, and in 1919 they became part of Japan's South Pacific Mandate. After World War II the United States took over administration as part of the United Nations Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. A new government and constitution came into effect in 1978 under when the islands obtained commonwealth status within the United States.
Of the organized territories, the United States Copyright Office says that: "U.S. federal copyright law applies in the U.S. Virgin Islands, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands but not in American Samoa."[1] This is because section 502(a)(2) of the Northern Marianas Covenant "makes applicable to the Northern Marianas, effective January 9, 1978, such laws of the United States in effect on that date as are 'applicable to Guam and which are of general application to the several States . . .'." Furthermore, "the 1936 Organic Act of the Virgin Islands made the copyright laws applicable to the Virgin Islands (48 U.S.C. 1405q) and the 1954 Organic Act perpetuated that application (48 U.S.C. 1574(c))"[2]
Lizenzvorlagen
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Vereinigte Staaten#TAG
Währung
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Vereinigte Staaten#CUR
Panoramafreiheit
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Vereinigte Staaten#FOP
Briefmarken
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Vereinigte Staaten#Briefmarken
Siehe auch
Zitate
- ↑ Circular 38a: International Copyright Relations of the United States 14. U.S. Copyright Office. Retrieved on 2019-03-14.
- ↑ The application of Federal laws in ... American Samoa, Guam, the Northern Mariana Islands, the U.S. Virgin Islands, 2, p. 468
COM:Overseas France
Französische Überseegebiete
.svg)
Overseas France consists of all the French-administered territories outside the European continent, mostly relics of the French colonial empire. These are:
| Art | Name | Seit |
|---|---|---|
| Überseeische Regionen und Abteilungen | Guadeloupe | 1946 |
| Französisch-Guayana | 1946 | |
| Martinique | 1946 | |
| Réunion | 1946 | |
| Mayotte | 2011 | |
| Übersee-Kollektivitäten | Französisch-Polynesien | 2003 |
| Saint-Pierre und Miquelon | 2003 | |
| Wallis und Futuna | 2003 | |
| Saint-Martin | 2007 | |
| Saint-Barthélemy | 2007 | |
| Überseegebiete | Französische Süd- und Antarktisgebiete | 1956 |
| Sonderstatus | Neukaledonien | 1946 |
| Clipperton-Insel |
Lizenzvorlagen
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich#TAG
Währung
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich#CUR
Panoramafreiheit
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich#FOP
Briefmarken
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich#Briefmarken
Siehe auch
Zitate
COM:Palau
Palau
|
Urheberrechtsregeln: Palau Kürzel: COM:PALAU | |
 | |
_(small_islands_magnified).svg) | |
| Schutzfrist | |
|---|---|
| Standard | 50 Jahre p. m. a. |
| Anonym |
Erstmalige Erstellung + 100 Jahre oder Veröffentlichung + 75 Jahre |
| Audiovisuell |
Erstmalige Erstellung + 100 Jahre oder Veröffentlichung + 75 Jahre |
| Gemeinschaftswerk |
Erstmalige Erstellung + 100 Jahre oder Veröffentlichung + 75 Jahre |
| Andere | |
| Panoramafreiheit | No |
| Frist geht bis zum Jahresende | No |
| Gemeinsame Lizenzvorlagen | {{PD-Palau}} |
| ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 | PLW |
| Abkommen | |
| URAA-Wiederherstellungsdatum* | keine |
| *Ein Werk ist in der Regel in den USA geschützt, wenn es sich um eine Art von Werk handelt, das in den USA urheberrechtsfähig ist, nach 31 December 1928 veröffentlicht wurde und im Ursprungsland am URAA-Datum geschützt ist. | |
This page provides an overview of copyright rules of Palau relevant to uploading works into Wikimedia Commons. Note that any work originating in Palau must be in the public domain, or available under a free license, in both Palau and the United States before it can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. If there is any doubt about the copyright status of a work from Palau, refer to the relevant laws for clarification.
Hintergrund
The islands of today's Palau were made part of the Spanish East Indies in 1574. In 1899 Spain sold the islands to Germany, which administered them as part of German New Guinea. After World War I the islands became part of Japan's South Pacific Mandate. In 1947 Palau became part of the United States-governed Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. The islands gained full sovereignty in 1994 under a Compact of Free Association with the United States.
As of 2018 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, listed the Republic of Palau Copyright Act of 2003 as the main IP law enacted by the legislature of Palau.[1] WIPO holds the text of this law in their WIPO Lex database.[2] In 2018 WIPO did not list Palau as a member of the Berne Convention or the World Trade Organization.[1]
Allgemeine Regeln
According to the Republic of Palau Copyright Act of 2003,
- Copyright in a work created on or after the effective date of this Act exists from its creation and, except as provided by the following subsections, endures for a term consisting of the life of the author and 50 years after the author's death.[2003 Sec.16(a)]
- Copyright in a work created before the effective date of this Act shall begin on the effective date of this Act and, except as provided by the following subsections, endures for a term consisting of the life of the author and 50 years after the author's death.[2003 Sec.16(a)]
- In the case of a joint work prepared by two or more authors who did not work for hire, the copyright endures for a term consisting of the life of the last surviving author and 50 years after such last surviving author's death.[2003 Sec.16(b)]
- In the case of an anonymous work, a pseudonymous work, or a work made for hire, copyright endures for a term of 75 years from the year of its first publication, or a term of 100 years from the year of its creation, whichever expires first.[2003 Sec.16(c)]
- In the case of an audiovisual work or collective work, the copyright endures for a term of 75 years from the year of its first publication, or 100 years from the year of its creation, whichever expires first.[2003 Sec.16(d)]
Nicht geschützt
According to the Republic of Palau Copyright Act of 2003, in no case does copyright protection for an original work of authorship extend to the following:[2003 Sec.3(b)]
- any idea, procedure, process, system, method of operation, concept, principle, or discovery, regardless of the form in which it is described, explained, illustrated, or embodied in such work;
- official public legislative, administrative or legal texts, or any official translations thereof, and
- speeches, lectures, addresses, and other oral works given by a government official in his or her official capacity.
Treaty status
Panoramafreiheit
Nicht OK the listed exceptions or limitations on copyright from Sections 7 to 13 do not include a provision that allows commercial exploitations of images of architectural or artistic works situated in public places.
Zitate
- ↑ a b Palau Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights). WIPO: World Intellectual Property Organization (2018). Retrieved on 2018-11-05.
- ↑ Copyright Act. Palau (2003). Retrieved on 2018-11-05.
COM:Papua New Guinea
Papua-Neuguinea
|
Urheberrechtsregeln: Papua-Neuguinea Kürzel: COM:PAPUA-NEUGUINEA | |
 | |
.svg) | |
| Schutzfrist | |
|---|---|
| Standard | 50 Jahre p. m. a. |
| Anonym | Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Audiovisuell | Erstellung/Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Gemeinschaftswerk | Erstellung/Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Angewandte Kunst | Erstellung + 25 Jahre |
| Andere | |
| Gemeinsame Lizenzvorlagen | {{PD-Papua New Guinea}} |
| Abkommen | |
| Welthandelsorganisation-Mitglied | 9. Juni 1996 |
| URAA-Wiederherstellungsdatum* | 9. Juni 1996 |
| *Ein Werk ist in der Regel in den USA geschützt, wenn es sich um eine Art von Werk handelt, das in den USA urheberrechtsfähig ist, nach 31 December 1928 veröffentlicht wurde und im Ursprungsland am URAA-Datum geschützt ist. | |
This page provides an overview of copyright rules of Papua New Guinea relevant to uploading works into Wikimedia Commons. Note that any work originating in Papua New Guinea must be in the public domain, or available under a free license, in both Papua New Guinea and the United States before it can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. If there is any doubt about the copyright status of a work from Papua New Guinea, refer to the relevant laws for clarification.
Hintergrund
In the late 19th century the island of New Guinea was divided between the Netherlands in the west, Germany in the northeast and Britain in the southeast. In 1906 Australia took over responsibility for British New Guinea. During World War I the Australians seized German New Guinea. The territories administered by Australia were known as Papua and New Guinea. On 16 September 1975 Papua New Guinea became fully independent.
Papua New Guinea has been a member of the World Trade Organization since 9 June 1996.[1]
As of 2018 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, listed the Copyright and Neighbouring Rights Act 2000 as the main IP law enacted by the legislature of Papua New Guinea.[1] WIPO holds the text of this law in their WIPO Lex database.[2]
Allgemeine Regeln
According to the Copyright and Neighbouring Rights Act 2000,
- The economic and moral rights in respect of a copyright work shall be protected during the life of the author and for a period of 50 years of the date of his death.[2000 Sec.17(1)]
- In the case of a collective work, other than a work of applied art, and in the case of an audiovisual work, the economic and moral rights shall be protected for a period of 50 years from the date on which the work was made, first made available to the public or first published, whichever occurs last.[2000 Sec.17(3)]
- In the case of a work published anonymously or under a pseudonym, the economic and moral rights shall be protected for a period of 50 years from the date on which the work was made, first made available to the public or first published, whichever occurs last.[2000 Sec.17(4)]
- In the case of a work of applied art, the economic and moral rights shall be protected for a period of 25 years from the making of the work.[2000 Sec.17(5)]
Nicht geschützt
According to the Copyright and Neighbouring Rights Act 2000, there is no protection for
- any idea, procedure, system, method of operation, concept, principle, discovery or mere date, whether expressed, described, explained, illustrated or embodied in a work;[2000 Sec.5(a)]
- any official text of a legislative, administrative or legal nature or any official translation thereof.[2000 Sec.5(b)]
Panoramafreiheit
Not OK. According to the Copyright and Neighbouring Rights Act 2000, freedom of panorama only covers uses for personal, educational (teaching), archival, and news reporting purposes.[2000 Sec.8–13]
Siehe auch
Zitate
- ↑ a b Papua New Guinea Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights). WIPO: World Intellectual Property Organization (2018). Retrieved on 2018-11-04.
- ↑ Copyright and Neighbouring Rights Act 2000. Papua New Guinea (2018). Retrieved on 2018-11-04.
COM:Samoa
Samoa
|
Urheberrechtsregeln: Samoa Kürzel: COM:SAMOA | |
 | |
.svg) | |
| Schutzfrist | |
|---|---|
| Standard | 75 Jahre p. m. a. |
| Anonym | Veröffentlichung + 75 Jahre |
| Audiovisuell | Erstellung/Veröffentlichung + 75 Jahre |
| Gemeinschaftswerk | Erstellung/Veröffentlichung + 75 Jahre |
| Angewandte Kunst | Erstellung + 25 Jahre |
| Andere | |
| Frist geht bis zum Jahresende | Yes |
| Gemeinsame Lizenzvorlagen | {{PD-Samoa}} |
| ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 | WSM |
| Abkommen | |
| Berner Übereinkunft | 21. Juli 2006 |
| Welthandelsorganisation-Mitglied | 10. Mai 2012 |
| URAA-Wiederherstellungsdatum* | 21. Juli 2006 |
| *Ein Werk ist in der Regel in den USA geschützt, wenn es sich um eine Art von Werk handelt, das in den USA urheberrechtsfähig ist, nach 31 December 1928 veröffentlicht wurde und im Ursprungsland am URAA-Datum geschützt ist. | |
Diese Seite bietet einen Überblick über die Urheberrechtsbestimmungen von Samoa, die für das Hochladen von Werken auf Wikimedia Commons relevant sind. Beachte, dass jedes Werk, das aus Samoa stammt, sowohl in Samoa als auch in den Vereinigten Staaten gemeinfrei oder unter einer freien Lizenz verfügbar sein muss, bevor es auf Wikimedia Commons hochgeladen werden kann. Bei Zweifeln über den urheberrechtlichen Status eines Werks aus Samoa solltest du die entsprechenden Gesetze zur Klärung heranziehen.
Hintergrund
In 1900 the island group of Samoa was divided between Germany and the United States, with German Samoa including the western islands and American Samoa the eastern islands. During World War I, New Zealand seized German Samoa, and continued to administer the islands until 1 January 1962, when Samoa became independent.
Samoa has been a member of the Berne Convention since 21 July 2006 and the World Trade Organization since 10 May 2012, as well as a signatory to various other international treaties.[1]
As of 2018 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, listed the Copyright Act 1998 (as consolidated in 2011) as the main IP law enacted by the legislature of Samoa.[1] WIPO holds the text of this law in their WIPO Lex database.[2]
Allgemeine Regeln
According to the Copyright Act 1998 (as consolidated in 2011)
- The economic and moral rights shall be protected during the life of the author and for 75 years after his or her death.[1998–2011 Sec.16(1)]
- In the case of a work of joint authorship, the economic and moral rights shall be protected during the life of the last surviving author and for 75 years after his or her death.[1998–2011 Sec.16(2)]
- In the case of a collective work, other than a work of applied art, and in the case of an audiovisual work, the economic and moral rights shall be protected for 75 years from the date of which the work was first published or, failing such an event within 75 years from the making of the work, from its making.[1998–2011 Sec.16(3)]
- In the case of a work published anonymously or under a pseudonym, the economic and moral rights shall be protected for 75 years from the date on which the work was first published.[1998–2011 Sec.16(4)]
- In the case of a work of applied art, the economic and moral rights shall be protected for 25 years from the making of the work.[1998–2011 Sec.16(5)]
- Every period provided for under subsections (1) to (5) runs to the end of the calendar year in which it would otherwise expire.[1998–2011 Sec.16(6)]
Nicht geschützt
According to the Copyright Act 1998 (as consolidated in 2011), no protection shall extend to,
- any idea, procedure, system, method of operation, concept, principle, discovery or mere data, even if expressed, described, explained, illustrated or embodied in a work.[1998–2011 Sec.5(a)]
- any official text of a legislative, administrative or legal nature, as well as any official translation thereof.[1998–2011 Sec.5(b)]
Panoramafreiheit
Nicht OK. Only incidental copying is allowed. According to the Copyright Act 1998 (as consolidated in 2011),
- The copyright in a work is not infringed by its incidental inclusion in an artistic work, a sound recording, an audio-visual work or a broadcast or by the publication, playing, performance or other use of the work.[1998–2011 Sec.8c]
Zitate
- ↑ a b Samoa Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights). WIPO: World Intellectual Property Organization (2018). Retrieved on 2018-11-05.
- ↑ Copyright Act 1998 (as consolidated in 2011). Samoa (2011). Retrieved on 2018-11-05.
COM:Solomon Islands
Salomonen
|
Urheberrechtsregeln: Salomonen Kürzel: COM:Solomon Islands | |
 | |
_(-mini_map_-rivers).svg) | |
| Schutzfrist | |
|---|---|
| Standard | 50 Jahre p. m. a. |
| Fotografie | Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Anonym | Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Posthum | Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Regierung | Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Andere | |
| Panoramafreiheit | Ja |
| Frist geht bis zum Jahresende | Ja |
| Abkommen | |
| Berner Übereinkunft | 4. Juli 2019 |
| Welthandelsorganisation-Mitglied | 26. Juli 1996 |
| URAA-Wiederherstellungsdatum* | 26. Juli 1996 |
| *Ein Werk ist in der Regel in den USA geschützt, wenn es sich um eine Art von Werk handelt, das in den USA urheberrechtsfähig ist, nach 31 December 1928 veröffentlicht wurde und im Ursprungsland am URAA-Datum geschützt ist. | |
Diese Seite bietet einen Überblick über die Urheberrechtsbestimmungen der Solomoninseln, die für das Hochladen von Werken auf Wikimedia Commons relevant sind. Beachten Sie, dass jedes Werk, das von den Solomoninseln stammt, sowohl auf den Solomoninseln als auch in den Vereinigten Staaten gemeinfrei oder unter einer freien Lizenz verfügbar sein muss, bevor es auf Wikimedia Commons hochgeladen werden kann. Bei Zweifeln über den urheberrechtlichen Status eines Werkes von den Solomoninseln ist das Urheberrechtsgesetz zur Klärung heranzuziehen.
Geltende gesetzliche Bestimmungen
Die Salomonen wurden im Juni 1893 zum britischen Protektorat erklärt. Das Land wurde am 7. Juli 1978 als „Salomonen“ (ohne „die“) ein souveräner Staat.
Solomon Islands became a member of the World Trade Organization on 25 July 1996, and the Berne Convention since 4 July 2019.[1]
As of 2018 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, listed the Copyright Act 1987 (Cap 138) as the main IP law enacted by the legislature of Solomon Islands.[1] WIPO holds the Revised Edition 1996 of this act on their WIPO Lex database.[2] The act repeals and replaces the Copyright Act 1911 of the United Kingdom.[138/1987–1996 Preamble]
Anwendbarkeit
Under the Copyright Act 1987 (Cap 138) Revised Edition 1996,
- Copyright subsists in literary, dramatic, musical and artistic works, either unpublished but made by a qualified person, or first published in Solomon Islands, or first published by a qualified person.[138/1987–1996 Art 3 (1)]
- A "literary work" is any work which is written, spoken or sung and includes any written table, compilation or computer program.[138/1987–1996 Art 2]
- A "dramatic work" includes a choreographic show or other dumb show if described in writing in the form in which the show is to be presented; a scenario or script for a cinematograph film; but does not include a cinematograph film as distinct from the scenario or script for a cinematograph film.[138/1987–1996 Art 2]
- An "artistic work" is any painting, sculpture, drawing, engraving or photograph; any building or model for or of any building; or any other work of artistic craftsmanship.[138/1987–1996 Art 2]
Dauer
Under the Copyright Act 1987 (Cap 138) Revised Edition 1996,
- Copyright in general lasts 50 years after the author's death.[138/1987–1996 Art 3(3)]
- If a literary, dramatic or musical work was not made public (published, performed, offered for sale or broadcast) before the author died, copyright lasts 50 years after it was made public.[138/1987–1996 Art 3(4-5)]
- If the work is an engraving that was not published before the death of the author, or is a photograph, copyright lasts until 50 years after the work is first published.[138/1987–1996 Art 3(6)]
- Works produced by collaboration between two or more authors where the individual contributions are not separate are protected until 50 years after the last surviving author died.[138/1987–1996 Art 3(7)]
- Copyright in anonymous or pseudonymous work other than photographs lasts until 50 years after it was published, unless it is a work of joint authorship where the contributions cannot be separated and the identity of one of the authors is generally known or can be ascertained by reasonable inquiry before the end of this period.[138/1987–1996 Art 4]
In the above, "50 years after [event]" means "until the end of the period of fifty years from the end of the calendar year in which [event] happened".
Work made for hire or commissioned
When a person commissions and pays for a photograph, portrait or engraving, they own the copyright in the work. Where a work is made by an employee of a newspaper, magazine or similar periodical for the purpose of publication in a periodical, the proprietor has copyright for publication of the work in a periodical, but the author retains copyright for any other use. Otherwise, copyright in a work made in the course of an author's employment is owned by the employer.[138/1987–1996 Art 5]
Work made for the government
The Government owns copyright in an original literary, dramatic, musical or artistic work first published in Solomon Islands if first published by or under the direction or control of the Government. For a literary, dramatic or musical work the copyright lasts as long as the work is unpublished, then until 50 years after the work is first published.[138/1987–1996 Art 31] Copyright in an engraving or photograph lasts until 50 years after it is first published, and for other artistic works for 50 years after the work is made.[138/1987–1996 Art 31]
Panoramafreiheit
OK for buildings, sculptures, and works of artistic craftsmanship; Nicht OK for other types of artistic works (like paintings or photographs). {{FoP-Solomon Islands}}. Under the Copyright Act [Cap 138]:
- The copyright in– (a) any sculpture; or (b) any work of artistic craftsmanship of the kind described in the definition of "artistic work" in subsection (1) of section 2, which is permanently situated in a public place, or in premises open to the public, is not infringed by the making of a painting, drawing, engraving or photograph of the work, or the inclusion of the work in a cinematograph film or in a television broadcast.[138/1987–1996 Section 7]
- The copyright in a work of architecture is not infringed by the making of a painting, drawing, engraving or photograph of the work, or the inclusion of the work in a cinematograph film or in a television broadcast.[138/1987–1996 Section 8]
- De minimis inclusion of other types of artistic works only on audio-visual media
- Without prejudice to the provisions of subsections (7) and (8), the copyright in an artistic work is not infringed by the inclusion of the work in a cinematograph film or in a television broadcast, if that inclusion is only by way of background or is otherwise only incidental to the principal matters represented in the film or broadcast.[138/1987–1996 Section 9]
- Publication of images resulting from the aforementioned actions
- The copyright in an artistic work is not infringed by the publication of a painting, drawing, engraving, photograph or cinematograph film, if by virtue of subsections (7) or (8) or (9) the making of that painting, drawing, engraving, photograph or film did not constitute an infringement of the copyright.[138/1987–1996 Section 10]
Zitate
- ↑ a b Solomon Islands : Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights). WIPO Lex (2019). Retrieved on 2018-10-26.
- ↑ Copyright Act. Solomon Islands (1996). Retrieved on 2018-10-26.
COM:Tonga
Tonga
|
Urheberrechtsregeln: Tonga Kürzel: COM:TONGA | |
 | |
.svg) | |
| Schutzfrist | |
|---|---|
| Standard | 50 Jahre p. m. a. |
| Anonym | Erstellung/Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Gemeinschaftswerk | Erstellung/Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Regierung | gemeinfrei |
| Angewandte Kunst | Erstellung + 25 Jahre |
| Andere | |
| Frist geht bis zum Jahresende | Ja |
| Gemeinsame Lizenzvorlagen | {{PD-Tonga}} |
| ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 | TON |
| Abkommen | |
| Berner Übereinkunft | 14. Juni 2001 |
| Welthandelsorganisation-Mitglied | 27. Juli 2007 |
| URAA-Wiederherstellungsdatum* | 14. Juni 2001 |
| *Ein Werk ist in der Regel in den USA geschützt, wenn es sich um eine Art von Werk handelt, das in den USA urheberrechtsfähig ist, nach 31 December 1928 veröffentlicht wurde und im Ursprungsland am URAA-Datum geschützt ist. | |
Diese Seite bietet einen Überblick über die Urheberrechtsbestimmungen von Tonga, die für das Hochladen von Werken in Wikimedia Commons relevant sind. Beachte, dass jedes Werk, das aus Tonga stammt, sowohl in Tonga als auch in den Vereinigten Staaten gemeinfrei oder unter einer freien Lizenz verfügbar sein muss, bevor es auf Wikimedia Commons hochgeladen werden kann. Bei Zweifeln über den urheberrechtlichen Status eines Werkes aus Tonga solltest du die entsprechenden Gesetze zur Klärung heranziehen.
Hintergrund
Tonga has remained independent throughout and after the colonial era. From 1900 to 1970 Tonga had British protected state status, with the United Kingdom looking after its foreign affairs under a Treaty of Friendship. Tonga became signatory to the Berne convention effective 14 June 2001 and the World Trade Organization effective 27 July 2007.[1]
As of 2018 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, listed the Copyright Act (Act No. 12 of 2002) as the main IP law enacted by the legislature of the Tonga.[1] WIPO holds a copy of the act in its WIPO-LEX database.[2] The 2002 Act repealed the The Copyright Regulations (Cap. 92 of the 1961 Revised Edition) and the Copyright Act, 1911 of the United Kingdom, (applied by Order in Council dated 24th June, 1912).[2002 Sec.39]
Application
Copyright protection applies to literary and artistic works, which are original intellectual creations including books, pamphlets, articles, computer programs and other writings; speeches, lectures, addresses, sermons and other oral works; dramatic, dramatico-musical works, pantomimes, choreographic works and other works created for stage productions; musical works, with or without accompanying words; audiovisual works; works of architecture; works of drawing, painting, sculpture, engraving, lithography, tapestry and other works of fine art; photographic works; works of applied art; illustrations, maps, plans, sketches and three-dimensional works relative to geography, topography, architecture or science.[2002 Sec.3]
Copyright protection also applies to derivative works, which are translations, adaptations, arrangements, and other transformations or modifications of works; and collections of works, collections of mere data (databases), whether in machine readable or other form, and collections of expressions of folklore, provided that such collections are original by reason of the selection or arrangement of their contents. This protection is without prejudice to any protection of a pre-existing work or expression of folklore incorporated in or utilised for the making of such a work.[2002 Sec.4]
The Copyright Act applies to works of authors who are nationals or residents of Tonga; works first published in Tonga and works first published in another country and also published in Tonga within thirty days; works of architecture erected in Tonga and other artistic works incorporated in a building or other structure located in Tonga. The Act also applies to works eligible for protection in Tonga by virtue of and in accordance with any international convention or other international agreement to which Tonga is a party.[2002 Sec.31] The act replaced the Copyright Act (Cap. 121), and applied to all works that were still protected at the time it came into force.[2002 Sec.35]
Allgemeine Regeln
Every period provided for in this section runs to the end of the calendar year in which it would otherwise expire.[2002 Sec.18]
- For an individual work, economic and moral rights are protected during the life of the author and for 50 years after their death.[2002 Sec.18]
- A "work of joint authorship" is a work to the creation of which two or more authors have contributed, provided the work does not qualify as a "collective work".[2002 Sec.2] The economic and moral rights are protected during the life of the last surviving author and for fifty years after their death.[2002 Sec.18]
- A "collective work" is a work created by two or more natural persons at the initiative and under the direction of a natural person or legal entity, with the understanding that it will be disclosed by the latter person or entity under his or its own name and that the identity of the contributing natural persons will not be indicated.[2002 Sec.2] For a collective work other than a work of applied art, and for an audiovisual work, the economic and moral rights are protected for fifty years from the date on which the work was either made, first made available to the public, or first published, whichever date is the latest.[2002 Sec.18]
- For a work published anonymously or under a pseudonym, the economic and moral rights are protected for fifty years from the date on which the work was either made, first made available to the public or first published, whichever date is the latest, unless the author’s identity is revealed or is no longer in doubt before the expiration of this period, in which case it will be protected as an individual or joint work.[2002 Sec.18]
- A "work of applied art" is an artistic creation with utilitarian functions or incorporated in a useful article, whether made by hand or produced on an industrial scale.[2002 Sec.2] The economic and moral rights are protected for twenty five years the making of the work.[2002 Sec.18]
Not protected
Copyright protection does not apply to any official text of a legislative, administrative or legal nature, or any official translation thereof.[2002 Sec.5]
Panoramafreiheit
Nicht OK for private, personal use of reproductions only. The Copyright Act (Act No. 12 of 2002) does not provide a freedom of panorama provision for images of architecture and public art.
- Notwithstanding the provisions of section 6(1)(a), and subject to the provisions of subsection (2), the private reproduction of a published work in a single copy shall be permitted without the authorisation of the author or owner of copyright, where the reproduction is made by a person exclusively for his own personal purposes.[2002 Sec.8(1)]
For works of architecture, this permission does not extend to the reproduction "of a work of architecture in the form of building or other construction."[2002 Sec.8(2)] There is no specific provision in the copyright law allowing the free uses of images of such works.
Briefmarken
The copyright situation is unclear.
The Post Office Act (1933, 1977) does not mention copyright.
The Copyright Acts 2002 states that,
- For a collective work other than a work of applied art ... the economic and moral rights are protected for fifty years from the date on which the work was either made, first made available to the public, or first published, whichever date is the latest.[2002 Sec.18]
- A "work of applied art" is an artistic creation with utilitarian functions or incorporated in a useful article, whether made by hand or produced on an industrial scale.[2002 Sec.2] The economic and moral rights are protected for twenty five years the making of the work.[2002 Sec.18]
Thus, any stamp published more than 50 years ago should be in the public domain.
Siehe auch
Zitate
- ↑ a b Tonga : Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights). WIPO Lex (2018). Retrieved on 2018-10-26.
- ↑ Copyright Act (Act No. 12 of 2002). Tonga (2002). Retrieved on 2018-10-26.
- ↑ Tonga Consolidated Legislation: Post Office Act Acts 12 of 1933 and 29 of 1977. Pacific Islands Legal Information Institute. Retrieved on 2019-03-16.
COM:Tuvalu
Tuvalu
|
Urheberrechtsregeln: Tuvalu Kürzel: COM:TUVALU | |
 | |
_(Polynesia_centered).svg) | |
| Schutzfrist | |
|---|---|
| Standard | 50 Jahre p. m. a. |
| Fotografie | Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Anonym | Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Audiovisuell | Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Posthum | Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Regierung | Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Andere | |
| Gemeinsame Lizenzvorlagen | {{PD-Tuvalu}} |
| ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 | TUV |
| Abkommen | |
| Berner Übereinkunft | 2. Juni 2017 |
| URAA-Wiederherstellungsdatum* | 2. Juni 2017 |
| *Ein Werk ist in der Regel in den USA geschützt, wenn es sich um eine Art von Werk handelt, das in den USA urheberrechtsfähig ist, nach 31 December 1928 veröffentlicht wurde und im Ursprungsland am URAA-Datum geschützt ist. | |
Diese Seite bietet einen Überblick über die Urheberrechtsbestimmungen von Tuvalu, die für das Hochladen von Werken in Wikimedia Commons relevant sind. Beachte, dass jedes Werk, das aus Tuvalu stammt, sowohl in Tuvalu als auch in den Vereinigten Staaten gemeinfrei oder unter einer freien Lizenz verfügbar sein muss, bevor es auf Wikimedia Commons hochgeladen werden kann. Bei Zweifeln über den urheberrechtlichen Status eines Werkes aus Tuvalu solltest du die entsprechenden Gesetze zur Klärung heranziehen.
Hintergrund
Die Insel Funafuti wurde 1819 in Ellice's Island umbenannt. Die Ellice-Inseln wurden 1892 zum britischen Protektorat erklärt. Später waren sie Teil der Britischen Westpazifik-Territorien und von 1916 bis 1976 Teil der Kolonie Gilbert- und Ellice-Inseln. Am 1. Januar 1976 wurden die separaten britischen Kolonien Kiribati (Gilbert-Inseln) und Tuvalu (Ellis-Inseln) gegründet. Tuvalu wurde am 1. Oktober 1978 vollständig unabhängig.
Tuvalu has been a member of the Berne Convention since 2 June 2017.[1] As of 2018 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, listed the Copyright Act (Chapter 40.24, Revised Edition 2008) as the main IP law enacted by the legislature of Tuvalu.[1] WIPO holds the text of this law in their {wp-WIPO Lex|WIPO Lex}} database.[2] This act describes penalties for infringement of the Copyright Act 1956 of the United Kingdom.[2] The full text of the Copyright Act, 1956 (United Kingdom) is available in Wikisource.[3]
Allgemeine Regeln
Under the Copyright Act 1956 of England,
- Copyright subsists in an original literary, dramatic or musical work for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the author died.[1956 Sec.2(1)]
- An "artistic work" means any of paintings, sculptures, drawings, engravings and photographs, buildings or models for buildings, and works of artistic craftsmanship.[1956 Sec.3(1)]
- Copyright subsists in an artistic work for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the author died.[1956 Sec.3(4)]
- With an engraving, if before the death of the author the engraving had not been published, copyright subsists for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which it is first published.[1956 Sec.3(4a)]
- Copyright in a photograph subsists for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the photograph is first published.[1956 Sec.3(4b)]
- Copyright subsists in a sound recording for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the recording is first published.[1956 Sec.12(3)]
- Copyright in a film subsists for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which it is registered.[1956 Sec.13(3a)]
- Copyright in a television broadcast or sound broadcast subsists for 50 years from the end of the calendar year which the broadcast is made.[1956 Sec.14(2)]
- Where the first publication of a literary, dramatic, or musical work, or of an artistic work other than a photograph, is anonymous or pseudonymous, copyright subsists for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the work was first published.[1956 Schedule.2(b))]
Werke der Regierung
Under the Copyright Act 1956 of England,
- For literary, dramatic or musical works made by or under the direction or control of Her Majesty or a Government department, copyright (a) where the work is unpublished, subsists so long as the work remains unpublished, and (b) where the work is published, subsists for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the work was first published.[1956 Sec.39(3)]
- Copyright in an artistic work to which Her Majesty is entitled subsists for 50 years from the end of the calendar year in which the work was made.[1956 Sec.39(4)]
Panoramafreiheit
OK, similar to U.K. freedom of panorama rules: Tuvaluan freedom of panorama covers works of architecture, and works of sculptures and artistic craftsmanship found "permanently situated in a public place, or in premises open to the public," as per Sections 9(3) and 9(4) of the Copyright Act 1956 of England. Nicht OK for two-dimensional graphic works.
Zitate
- ↑ a b Tuvalu Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights). WIPO: World Intellectual Property Organization (2018). Retrieved on 2018-11-04.
- ↑ a b Copyright Act (Chapter 40.24, Revised Edition 2008). Tuvalu (2008). Retrieved on 2018-11-04.
- ↑ Copyright Act, 1956 (United Kingdom). Retrieved on 2019-03-16.
COM:United States Minor Outlying Islands
United States Minor Outlying Islands
.svg)
The United States Minor Outlying Islands consist of eight United States insular areas in the Pacific Ocean (Baker Island, Howland Island, Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Atoll, Palmyra Atoll, and Wake Island) and one in the Caribbean Sea (Navassa Island). None of the islands have any permanent residents: the only human population consists of temporarily stationed scientific and military personnel.
Werke aus Hawaii unterliegen den Urheberrechtsgesetzen der Vereinigten Staaten.
Lizenzvorlagen
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Vereinigte Staaten#TAG
Währung
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Vereinigte Staaten#CUR
Panoramafreiheit
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Vereinigte Staaten#FOP
Briefmarken
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Vereinigte Staaten#Briefmarken
Siehe auch
- Category:United States Minor Outlying Islands
- Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Vereinigte Staaten
Zitate
COM:Vanuatu
Vanuatu
|
Urheberrechtsregeln: Vanuatu Kürzel: COM:VANUATU | |
 | |
.svg) | |
| Schutzfrist | |
|---|---|
| Standard | 50 Jahre p. m. a. |
| Anonym | Erstellung/Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Gemeinschaftswerk | Erstellung/Veröffentlichung + 50 Jahre |
| Angewandte Kunst | Erstellung + 25 Jahre |
| Andere | |
| Gemeinsame Lizenzvorlagen | {{PD-Vanuatu}} |
| ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 | VUT |
| Abkommen | |
| Berner Übereinkunft | 27. Dezember 2012 |
| Welthandelsorganisation-Mitglied | 24. August 2012 |
| URAA-Wiederherstellungsdatum* | 24. August 2012 |
| WIPO-Urheberrechtsvertrag | 6 August 2020 |
| *Ein Werk ist in der Regel in den USA geschützt, wenn es sich um eine Art von Werk handelt, das in den USA urheberrechtsfähig ist, nach 31 December 1928 veröffentlicht wurde und im Ursprungsland am URAA-Datum geschützt ist. | |
This page provides an overview of copyright rules of Vanuatu relevant to uploading works into Wikimedia Commons. Note that any work originating in Vanuatu must be in the public domain, or available under a free license, in both Vanuatu and the United States before it can be uploaded to Wikimedia Commons. If there is any doubt about the copyright status of a work from Vanuatu, refer to the relevant laws for clarification.
Hintergrund
In the 1880s France and the United Kingdom claimed parts of the archipelago that is now Vanuatu. They agreed in 1906 to jointly manage the archipelago as the New Hebrides through an Anglo–French condominium. Vanuatu became independent on 30 July 1980.
Vanuatu has been a member of the Berne Convention since 27 December 2012, the World Trade Organization since 24 August 2012 and the WIPO Copyright treaty since 6 August 2020, as well as a signatory to various other international treaties.[1] As of 2018 the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), an agency of the United Nations, listed the Copyright and Related Rights Act No. 42 of 2000 as the main IP law enacted by the legislature of Vanuatu.[1] WIPO holds the text of this law, which came into force on 8 February 2011, in their WIPO Lex database.[2]
Allgemeine Regeln
Under the Copyright and Related Rights Act No. 42 of 2000,
- A work of joint authorship is protected during the life of the last surviving author and for 50 years after his or her death.[2000 Sec.19(1.1)]
- A collective work (other than an work of applied art) and an audiovisual work is protected for 50 years on and after the date on which the work: was made; or first made available to the public; first published; whichever date is the latest.[2000 Sec.19(1.2)]
- A work published anonymously or under a pseudonym is protected for 50 years on and after the date on which the work: (a) was made; or (b) first made available to the public; (c) first published; whichever date is the latest.[2000 Sec.19(1.3)]
- A work of applied art is protected for 25 years on and after the making of the work.[2000 Sec.19(1.4)]
- Any other work is protected during the lifetime of the author and for 50 years after his or her death.[2000 Sec.19(1.5)]
Panoramafreiheit
Nicht OK "Part 3 - Acts Not Constituting Infringment of Copyright" (sections 10 to 18) does not include a provision that allows commercial uses of images of architectural or artistic works situated in public places.
Zitate
- ↑ a b Vanuatu Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights). WIPO: World Intellectual Property Organization (2018). Retrieved on 2018-11-04.
- ↑ Copyright and Related Rights Act No. 42 of 2000. Vanuatu (2011). Retrieved on 2018-11-04.
COM:Wallis and Futuna
Wallis und Futuna
_(Polynesia_centered).svg)
Wallis and Futuna is a French overseas collectivity in the South Pacific.
Justice is generally administered under French law by a tribunal of the first instance in Mata-Utu, but the three traditional kingdoms administer justice according to customary law (only for non-criminal cases). The copyright laws of France apply.
Lizenzvorlagen
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich#TAG
Währung
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich#CUR
Panoramafreiheit
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich#FOP
Briefmarken
Weitere Informationen: Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich#Briefmarken
Siehe auch
- Category:Wallis and Futuna
- Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Französische Überseegebiete
- Commons:Urheberrechtsregeln nach Gebiet/Frankreich
Zitate