Identifier: annualreportof5421900newy (find matches)
Title: Annual report of the Regents
Year: 1889 (1880s)
Authors: New York State Museum University of the State of New York. Board of Regents
Subjects: New York State Museum Science
Publisher: Albany : J.B. Lyon, State Printer
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Biodiversity Heritage Library

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l taketo fill it, and allow the kaolin to settle. Clays obtained in thismanner are expensive, particularly when the market takes the out-put of washed kaolin as soon as it is ready. Small tanks have theadvantage of permitting the slip to dry more quickly, speciallywhen the layer of clay is not very thick; furthermore a small pittakes less time to fill and empty. But one disadvantage urgedagainst a number of small tanks is that a thoroughly average prod-uct is not obtained, owing to the thinness of the layer of settlingsand the small amount in each. In addition a series of small tanksrequire considerable room. The advantages asserted in the caseof large tanks are that the clay can be discharged into any one fora considerable period, and, if the clay deposit varies in character,the different grades get into one tank and a better average isthereby obtained. If the kaolin settles too slowly, alum is sometimes added to thewater to hasten the deposition. When the kaolin has settled, OX c C3
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CLAYS OF NEW YORK 803 most of the clear water is drawn off; the cream-like mass of kaolin,and water in the bottom of the vat is drawn off by means of slippumps and forced by these into the presses. The presses consist simply of flat, iron or wooden frames be-tween which are flat canvas bags. These bags are connected bynipples with a supply tube from the slip pumps, and by means ofthe pressure from the pumps nearly all of the water is forced out ofthe kaolin and through the canvas. When as much water as pos-sible is squeezed out, the press is opened and the sheets of semi-dry kaolin are taken out. It is then dried either on racks in theopen air or in a steam-heated room. As for every ton of crude kaolin usually only about ;- or -^ ofa ton of washed kaolin is obtained, it is desirable to have the wash-ing plant at the mines, to avoid the hauling of 60^ to YO^ of uselesssand which has to be washed out before the kaolin can be used oreven placed on the market. Tempering Chaser mill. This

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