Title: Preventive medicine and hygiene
Year: 1917 (1910s)
Authors: Rosenau, M. J. (Milton Joseph), 1869-1946 Whipple, George Chandler, 1866-1924 Trask, John W. (John William), b. 1877 Salmon, Thomas William
Subjects: Hygiene Public Health Sanitation Military Hygiene
Publisher: New York, London, D. Appleton
Contributing Library: Columbia University Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons

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essential to open thedrain D (Fig. 159) while the steam is entering through B, B, andthis outlet, D, should ftot be closed until steam escapes freely. In usingthe vacuum attachment to expel the air contained in the apparatus themodus operandi is somewhat different. A partial vacuum may be obtained in gteam chambers of this typewith the ejector (4, Fig. 160). The object of the vacuum is to facilitatethe penetration of the steam, which rushes into all the interstices offabrics and inaccessible places, to take the place of the air which has beenvrithdrawn. The ejector works upon the familiar principle of the watervacuum pump, the air being drawn or sucked along with the current. PHYSICAL AGENTS OF DISINFECTION 1127 With a pressure of 80 pounds in tlie boiler and the valve J (Fig. 160)wide open the ejector will produce a partial vacuum of 15 inches in oneof the largest sized chambers in one minute, which is very much quickerthan can be accomplished with the ordinary forms of piston pumps.
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Any steam disinfecting chamber may have attached to it an appa-ratus for generating formaldehyd gas, so that objects that are injuredby exposure to steam may be disinfected with formaldehyd, plus dry 1128 PHYSICAL AGENTS OF DISINFECTION heat. Before the formaldehyd is admitted into the chamber a partialvacuum may be established by means of the ejector. In this way thepenetration of the gas is very much facilitated. In the best patterns the steam disinfecting cylinders are open atboth ends, so that the infected objects may be introduced from one side

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