Identifier: modernmechanisme00benj (find matches)
Title: Modern mechanism, exhibiting the latest progress in machines, motors, and the transmission of power, being a supplementary volume to Appletons' cyclopaedia of applied mechanics
Year: 1892 (1890s)
Authors: Benjamin, Park, 1849-1922
Subjects: Mechanical engineering
Publisher: New York, D. Appleton
Contributing Library: Mugar Memorial Library, Boston University
Digitizing Sponsor: Boston University

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ith a loud report, and a circular piece like a boiler punching shot out of theperforation in the plunger, followed by all the gases, and sufficient metal to fill the cavityand form a stud as long as ones little finger, on top of the ingot. This process produced ingots absolutely solid and free from defect, which had been provedimpossible by the mere use of pressure. The expense of all these methods, and the inconven-ience of applying them to the open ingot molds universally used for casting steel ingots, re-sulted in the invention by Mr. J. B. DA. Boulton, of Jersey City, N. J., of an apparatus inwhich ingot molds made vvithout bottom, but in other respects like the common ingot molds, STEEL, MANUFACTURE OF. 813 are superposed, one upon another, and successively filled, the shrinkage in each ingot beingfed by the fluid metal in that above it, and the resulting product being a series of absolutelysound ingots connected by cold-shut joints. An ingot made by this process, and split open,
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has been shown to be perfectly sound. Jiy interposing an asbestos washer with a small aper-ture between the successive mold sections, the resulting product was necked at intervals,so that the ingot bar could be readily broken at such points. Boultons apparatus has beenin commercial operation at the West Bergen Steel Works of Messrs. Spaulding & Jennings, 814 STOKERS, MECHANICAL. since December, 1887, and one ingot per minute is cast in it regularly when the heat is ready.The ingots cast are nearly 4 in. square, and are absolutely sound ; but the machine is equallyadapted to cast larger ingots by making the holder and the ingot molds of suitable diiiicn-sions. One man suffices to operate the levers of the hydraulic apparatus, and the ordinaryoperators are employed to pour the metal. Mr. William R Hinsdale obtained a United States patent, dated January 6,1891, No. 444,-381, for a process of forming ingots, which he states consists, essentially, in chilling the sur-face of the ingot

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