Identifier: countiesofenglan01ditc (find matches)
Title: The counties of England, their story and antiquities
Year: 1912 (1910s)
Authors: Ditchfield, P. H. (Peter Hampson), 1854-1930
Subjects: Great Britain -- History England -- Antiquities
Publisher: London : G. Allen
Contributing Library: University of California Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: MSN

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ce was manifested, and notwithstanding theefforts of Bishop Crewe and Dean Granville to promoteallegiance to King James. Jacobitism, indeed, wasspasmodic in the Bishopric, and it does not appear thatin 1715 or in 1745 very wide sympathy was exhibitedin the district when elsewhere the excitement wasconsiderable. The eighteenth century witnessed twoevents of the greatest importance in Durham history. Inthe first place, after a period of long stagnation,industrial development caught the whole district andentirely changed its character. The coal trade had beenprosecuted continuously since the thirteenth century atleast, and the mines had proved a considerable source ofrevenue to the owners. Lead was an ancient industry,and the salt-pans of the county have a connected historyranging over many centuries. These and other operationshad increased in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries,more particularly when a great development of shippingat Sunderland and at Hartlepool took place after the
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Durham 39 Restoration. A large export trade by sea spread rapidly.In the early part of the eighteenth century 175,000 tonsof coal was the annual output on the Wear, and thehistory of the collier convoys at that time is a largechapter in the general history of North Country shipping.All this meant a considerable increase of prosperity, andby degrees the county which had been thinly populated,for the most part, became a hive of industry, in whichrapid fortunes were made. The mines and the shipyardsattracted labour from other parts of England, and thepopulation of the county, returned as 58,860 in the earlydays of Elizabeth, amounted to 149,384 in 1801, a figurewhich has been multiplied by ten in the last hundredyears. The Bishop and the Dean and Chapter largelyshared in the vast increase of wealth which the working ofcoal-mines in particular produced. It cannot, however,be said with truth that the Church authorities neglectedthe cause of charity. A list of the benefactions directlydue t

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